Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs

Shoulder disease is a common cause of forelimb lameness in dogs. Determining the precise underlying cause of shoulder lameness can be challenging, especially in veterinary practice. Computerized tomography (CT) is often the preferred imaging modality for bone evaluation; however, it uses ionizing ra...

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Main Authors: Sanghwa Ryu, Soomin Park, Eunjee Kim, Hyeonjae Woo, Chang-yeop Jeon, Junghee Yoon, Jihye Choi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1298133/full
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author Sanghwa Ryu
Soomin Park
Eunjee Kim
Hyeonjae Woo
Chang-yeop Jeon
Junghee Yoon
Jihye Choi
author_facet Sanghwa Ryu
Soomin Park
Eunjee Kim
Hyeonjae Woo
Chang-yeop Jeon
Junghee Yoon
Jihye Choi
author_sort Sanghwa Ryu
collection DOAJ
description Shoulder disease is a common cause of forelimb lameness in dogs. Determining the precise underlying cause of shoulder lameness can be challenging, especially in veterinary practice. Computerized tomography (CT) is often the preferred imaging modality for bone evaluation; however, it uses ionizing radiation and provides limited soft tissue contrast. Conversely, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers excellent soft tissue contrast but has limitations in bone imaging. This study aimed to introduce a new technical innovation that enhances cortical and trabecular bone contrast on MRI, which we refer to as Fast Field Echo Resembling a CT Using Restricted Echo-Spacing (FRACTURE). In this prospective pilot study, we aimed to evaluate the use of FRACTURE, CT, and conventional MRI sequences in assessing the normal canine shoulder using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Five research beagle dogs were included, and the following pulse sequences were acquired for each dog (1): three-dimensional (3D) FRACTURE, (2) T2-weighted (T2W) images using 3D turbo spin echo (TSE), (3) T1-weighted (T1W) images using 3D TSE, (4) PD-weighted (PDW) images using 3D TSE, and (5) CT. Various parameters, including the delineation of cortical bone (intertubercular groove, greater tubercle, and lesser tubercle), conspicuity of the trabecular bone, shoulder joint visualization, and image quality, were measured for each dog and sequence. In all sequences, the shoulder joint was successfully visualized in all planes with mild motion artifacts. The intertubercular groove was best visualized on CT and FRACTURE. Both the greater and lesser tubercles were easily identified on the CT, FRACTURE, and PDW images. The trabecular pattern scored significantly higher in the CT and FRACTURE images compared to the T1W, T2W, and PDW images. Overall, the visualization of the shoulder joint was excellent in all sequences except for T1W. The use of FRACTURE in combination with conventional MRI sequences holds promise for facilitating not only soft tissue evaluation but also cortical and trabecular bone assessment. The findings from this study in normal dogs can serve as a foundation for further FRACTURE studies in dogs with shoulder diseases.
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spelling doaj.art-a2bc3761ae3642c8a4dea4575f6533d82024-01-30T04:23:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-01-011110.3389/fvets.2024.12981331298133Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogsSanghwa Ryu0Soomin Park1Eunjee Kim2Hyeonjae Woo3Chang-yeop Jeon4Junghee Yoon5Jihye Choi6Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaNational Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaShoulder disease is a common cause of forelimb lameness in dogs. Determining the precise underlying cause of shoulder lameness can be challenging, especially in veterinary practice. Computerized tomography (CT) is often the preferred imaging modality for bone evaluation; however, it uses ionizing radiation and provides limited soft tissue contrast. Conversely, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers excellent soft tissue contrast but has limitations in bone imaging. This study aimed to introduce a new technical innovation that enhances cortical and trabecular bone contrast on MRI, which we refer to as Fast Field Echo Resembling a CT Using Restricted Echo-Spacing (FRACTURE). In this prospective pilot study, we aimed to evaluate the use of FRACTURE, CT, and conventional MRI sequences in assessing the normal canine shoulder using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Five research beagle dogs were included, and the following pulse sequences were acquired for each dog (1): three-dimensional (3D) FRACTURE, (2) T2-weighted (T2W) images using 3D turbo spin echo (TSE), (3) T1-weighted (T1W) images using 3D TSE, (4) PD-weighted (PDW) images using 3D TSE, and (5) CT. Various parameters, including the delineation of cortical bone (intertubercular groove, greater tubercle, and lesser tubercle), conspicuity of the trabecular bone, shoulder joint visualization, and image quality, were measured for each dog and sequence. In all sequences, the shoulder joint was successfully visualized in all planes with mild motion artifacts. The intertubercular groove was best visualized on CT and FRACTURE. Both the greater and lesser tubercles were easily identified on the CT, FRACTURE, and PDW images. The trabecular pattern scored significantly higher in the CT and FRACTURE images compared to the T1W, T2W, and PDW images. Overall, the visualization of the shoulder joint was excellent in all sequences except for T1W. The use of FRACTURE in combination with conventional MRI sequences holds promise for facilitating not only soft tissue evaluation but also cortical and trabecular bone assessment. The findings from this study in normal dogs can serve as a foundation for further FRACTURE studies in dogs with shoulder diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1298133/full3.0-T3D gradient echo sequencecaninemagnetic resonance imagingshoulder
spellingShingle Sanghwa Ryu
Soomin Park
Eunjee Kim
Hyeonjae Woo
Chang-yeop Jeon
Junghee Yoon
Jihye Choi
Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
3.0-T
3D gradient echo sequence
canine
magnetic resonance imaging
shoulder
title Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
title_full Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
title_fullStr Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
title_full_unstemmed Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
title_short Fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
title_sort fast field echo resembling a ct using restricted echo spacing fracture sequence for shoulder joint in normal dogs
topic 3.0-T
3D gradient echo sequence
canine
magnetic resonance imaging
shoulder
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1298133/full
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