Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin
Fluorescence light microscopy provided convincing evidence for the domain organization of plant plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Both peripheral and integral PM proteins show an inhomogeneous distribution within the PM. However, the size of PM nanodomains and protein clusters is too small to accuratel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/10/1407 |
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| author | Ayoub Stelate Eva Tihlaříková Kateřina Schwarzerová Vilém Neděla Jan Petrášek |
| author_facet | Ayoub Stelate Eva Tihlaříková Kateřina Schwarzerová Vilém Neděla Jan Petrášek |
| author_sort | Ayoub Stelate |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluorescence light microscopy provided convincing evidence for the domain organization of plant plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Both peripheral and integral PM proteins show an inhomogeneous distribution within the PM. However, the size of PM nanodomains and protein clusters is too small to accurately determine their dimensions and nano-organization using routine confocal fluorescence microscopy and super-resolution methods. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a novel correlative light electron microscopy method (CLEM) using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and advanced environmental scanning electron microscopy (A-ESEM). Using this technique, we determined the number of auxin efflux carriers from the PINFORMED (PIN) family (<i>Nt</i>PIN3b-GFP) within PM nanodomains of tobacco cell PM ghosts. Protoplasts were attached to coverslips and immunostained with anti-GFP primary antibody and secondary antibody conjugated to fluorochrome and gold nanoparticles. After imaging the nanodomains within the PM with TIRFM, the samples were imaged with A-ESEM without further processing, and quantification of the average number of molecules within the nanodomain was performed. Without requiring any post-fixation and coating procedures, this method allows to study details of the organization of auxin carriers and other plant PM proteins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:42:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2c65eb376164270ab0fc72c31d3af4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:42:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2c65eb376164270ab0fc72c31d3af4b2023-11-22T17:33:03ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-09-011110140710.3390/biom11101407Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone AuxinAyoub Stelate0Eva Tihlaříková1Kateřina Schwarzerová2Vilém Neděla3Jan Petrášek4Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech RepublicInstitute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 147, 612 64 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech RepublicInstitute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 147, 612 64 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech RepublicFluorescence light microscopy provided convincing evidence for the domain organization of plant plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Both peripheral and integral PM proteins show an inhomogeneous distribution within the PM. However, the size of PM nanodomains and protein clusters is too small to accurately determine their dimensions and nano-organization using routine confocal fluorescence microscopy and super-resolution methods. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a novel correlative light electron microscopy method (CLEM) using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and advanced environmental scanning electron microscopy (A-ESEM). Using this technique, we determined the number of auxin efflux carriers from the PINFORMED (PIN) family (<i>Nt</i>PIN3b-GFP) within PM nanodomains of tobacco cell PM ghosts. Protoplasts were attached to coverslips and immunostained with anti-GFP primary antibody and secondary antibody conjugated to fluorochrome and gold nanoparticles. After imaging the nanodomains within the PM with TIRFM, the samples were imaged with A-ESEM without further processing, and quantification of the average number of molecules within the nanodomain was performed. Without requiring any post-fixation and coating procedures, this method allows to study details of the organization of auxin carriers and other plant PM proteins.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/10/1407correlative microscopyplasma membranenanodomainsauxin carriers |
| spellingShingle | Ayoub Stelate Eva Tihlaříková Kateřina Schwarzerová Vilém Neděla Jan Petrášek Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin Biomolecules correlative microscopy plasma membrane nanodomains auxin carriers |
| title | Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin |
| title_full | Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin |
| title_fullStr | Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin |
| title_short | Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin |
| title_sort | correlative light environmental scanning electron microscopy of plasma membrane efflux carriers of plant hormone auxin |
| topic | correlative microscopy plasma membrane nanodomains auxin carriers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/10/1407 |
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