Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives
The use of nanomaterials to enhance the physical and mechanical properties and durability of cement materials in their hardened state has been studied for a long time in many investigations. In comparison, fewer studies focus on nanomaterials’ influence on the fresh state when the cement reaction st...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1938 |
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| author | Amaia Matanza Corro Céline Perlot Ema Latapie Silvina Cerveny |
| author_facet | Amaia Matanza Corro Céline Perlot Ema Latapie Silvina Cerveny |
| author_sort | Amaia Matanza Corro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of nanomaterials to enhance the physical and mechanical properties and durability of cement materials in their hardened state has been studied for a long time in many investigations. In comparison, fewer studies focus on nanomaterials’ influence on the fresh state when the cement reaction starts. In addition, if we consider ternary blended cement (as those used for applications in marine environments), this has been rarely studied. Severe stresses in the marine environment require high durability, which is achieved by using pozzolanic additions, to the detriment of a rapid achievement of the properties. The addition of nanomaterials could contribute to increasing the durability and also accelerating the setting of the concrete. In this work, we performed a systematic and comparative study on the influence of adding graphene oxide (GO), nanosilica (NS), and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) during the setting mechanisms of cement (CEM V/A suitable for concrete subjected to external attacks in marine environments) blended with fly ash and slag. Cement hardening was examined through setting time and rheology within mini-slump tests. The effect of nanoadditives on the cement hydration was analysed by heat flow calorimetry to evaluate the acceleration potential. Exploring the three nanoadditives on the same formulation, we could establish that the retention of mixing water significantly decreased workability for MFC. In contrast, NS increases the hydration of cement particles, acting as nucleation nodes and promoting supplementary cement hydrates (pozzolanic reactions) and accelerating setting time. Finally, GO showed a reduction in workability. We also investigated the dosage effects on mechanical behaviour at an early age and discovered an improvement even at low GO (0.006%) and NS (3%) dosages. We have also analysed the dosage effects on mechanical behaviour at an early age. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:32:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2cd1bd250924c689fe8f36f5d5762a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:32:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2cd1bd250924c689fe8f36f5d5762a52023-11-23T23:21:15ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-03-01155193810.3390/ma15051938Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through NanoadditivesAmaia Matanza Corro0Céline Perlot1Ema Latapie2Silvina Cerveny3Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur Appliquées à la Mécanique et au génie Electrique (SIAME), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, 64600 Anglet, FranceCentro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), 20018 San Sebastian, SpainLaboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur Appliquées à la Mécanique et au génie Electrique (SIAME), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, 64600 Anglet, FranceCentro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), 20018 San Sebastian, SpainThe use of nanomaterials to enhance the physical and mechanical properties and durability of cement materials in their hardened state has been studied for a long time in many investigations. In comparison, fewer studies focus on nanomaterials’ influence on the fresh state when the cement reaction starts. In addition, if we consider ternary blended cement (as those used for applications in marine environments), this has been rarely studied. Severe stresses in the marine environment require high durability, which is achieved by using pozzolanic additions, to the detriment of a rapid achievement of the properties. The addition of nanomaterials could contribute to increasing the durability and also accelerating the setting of the concrete. In this work, we performed a systematic and comparative study on the influence of adding graphene oxide (GO), nanosilica (NS), and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) during the setting mechanisms of cement (CEM V/A suitable for concrete subjected to external attacks in marine environments) blended with fly ash and slag. Cement hardening was examined through setting time and rheology within mini-slump tests. The effect of nanoadditives on the cement hydration was analysed by heat flow calorimetry to evaluate the acceleration potential. Exploring the three nanoadditives on the same formulation, we could establish that the retention of mixing water significantly decreased workability for MFC. In contrast, NS increases the hydration of cement particles, acting as nucleation nodes and promoting supplementary cement hydrates (pozzolanic reactions) and accelerating setting time. Finally, GO showed a reduction in workability. We also investigated the dosage effects on mechanical behaviour at an early age and discovered an improvement even at low GO (0.006%) and NS (3%) dosages. We have also analysed the dosage effects on mechanical behaviour at an early age.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1938nanoadditivescementitious materialsmarine environmentrheologysetting timecalorimetry |
| spellingShingle | Amaia Matanza Corro Céline Perlot Ema Latapie Silvina Cerveny Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives Materials nanoadditives cementitious materials marine environment rheology setting time calorimetry |
| title | Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives |
| title_full | Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives |
| title_fullStr | Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives |
| title_short | Hardening and Fresh State Behaviour of Ternary Cement for Marine Environments: Modification through Nanoadditives |
| title_sort | hardening and fresh state behaviour of ternary cement for marine environments modification through nanoadditives |
| topic | nanoadditives cementitious materials marine environment rheology setting time calorimetry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/5/1938 |
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