Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management
Cryptosporidium is a protozoan ubiquitous in natural water sources worldwide. It is a common intestinal pathogen that frequently causes gastroenteritis syndrome. It is mainly transmitted from person to person via the fecal-oral route, sexual transmission, and possibly through respiratory secretions....
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Transplantation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijtonline.in/article.asp?issn=2212-0017;year=2022;volume=16;issue=5;spage=34;epage=40;aulast=Prasad |
| _version_ | 1811180109582827520 |
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| author | Narayan Prasad Shyam Bihari Bansal Syed Fazal Akhtar |
| author_facet | Narayan Prasad Shyam Bihari Bansal Syed Fazal Akhtar |
| author_sort | Narayan Prasad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cryptosporidium is a protozoan ubiquitous in natural water sources worldwide. It is a common intestinal pathogen that frequently causes gastroenteritis syndrome. It is mainly transmitted from person to person via the fecal-oral route, sexual transmission, and possibly through respiratory secretions. After an incubation period of a few days to 2 weeks, it presents as an asymptomatic oocyst passer to clinically evident profuse and prolonged diarrhea, associated with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. The extraintestinal manifestations may occur in the form of respiratory tract disease, pancreatitis, cholangitis, rarely sclerosing cholangitis, and urinary tract infection. Stool microscopy examination for identifying oocysts is the mainstay diagnostic tool. The association with cancer is new evolving paradigm with cryptosporidium infection. Nitazoxanide is the treatment of choice. However, paromomycin in combination with other antiparasitic agents, such as macrolides (azithromycin, spiramycin), and nitazoxanide may be a more effective option in case of no response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:44:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2d324db754c490288097cfcf21dbbdc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-0017 2212-0025 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:44:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Transplantation |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2d324db754c490288097cfcf21dbbdc2022-12-22T04:39:22ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Transplantation2212-00172212-00252022-01-01165344010.4103/ijot.ijot_80_21Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and managementNarayan PrasadShyam Bihari BansalSyed Fazal AkhtarCryptosporidium is a protozoan ubiquitous in natural water sources worldwide. It is a common intestinal pathogen that frequently causes gastroenteritis syndrome. It is mainly transmitted from person to person via the fecal-oral route, sexual transmission, and possibly through respiratory secretions. After an incubation period of a few days to 2 weeks, it presents as an asymptomatic oocyst passer to clinically evident profuse and prolonged diarrhea, associated with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. The extraintestinal manifestations may occur in the form of respiratory tract disease, pancreatitis, cholangitis, rarely sclerosing cholangitis, and urinary tract infection. Stool microscopy examination for identifying oocysts is the mainstay diagnostic tool. The association with cancer is new evolving paradigm with cryptosporidium infection. Nitazoxanide is the treatment of choice. However, paromomycin in combination with other antiparasitic agents, such as macrolides (azithromycin, spiramycin), and nitazoxanide may be a more effective option in case of no response.http://www.ijtonline.in/article.asp?issn=2212-0017;year=2022;volume=16;issue=5;spage=34;epage=40;aulast=Prasadcryptosporidiumdiarrheal illnessnitazoxanidesolid organ transplantation |
| spellingShingle | Narayan Prasad Shyam Bihari Bansal Syed Fazal Akhtar Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management Indian Journal of Transplantation cryptosporidium diarrheal illness nitazoxanide solid organ transplantation |
| title | Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| title_full | Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| title_fullStr | Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| title_short | Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in South Asia - Expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| title_sort | cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplant recipients in south asia expert group opinion for diagnosis and management |
| topic | cryptosporidium diarrheal illness nitazoxanide solid organ transplantation |
| url | http://www.ijtonline.in/article.asp?issn=2212-0017;year=2022;volume=16;issue=5;spage=34;epage=40;aulast=Prasad |
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