Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation
The ecotoxicity of methiocarb aqueous solutions treated by electrochemical oxidation was evaluated utilizing the model organism <i>Daphnia magna</i>. The electrodegradation experiments were performed using a boron-doped diamond anode and the influence of the applied current density and t...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7435 |
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| author | Annabel Fernandes Christopher Pereira Susana Coelho Celso Ferraz Ana C. Sousa M. Ramiro Pastorinho Maria José Pacheco Lurdes Ciríaco Ana Lopes |
| author_facet | Annabel Fernandes Christopher Pereira Susana Coelho Celso Ferraz Ana C. Sousa M. Ramiro Pastorinho Maria José Pacheco Lurdes Ciríaco Ana Lopes |
| author_sort | Annabel Fernandes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ecotoxicity of methiocarb aqueous solutions treated by electrochemical oxidation was evaluated utilizing the model organism <i>Daphnia magna</i>. The electrodegradation experiments were performed using a boron-doped diamond anode and the influence of the applied current density and the supporting electrolyte (NaCl or Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) on methiocarb degradation and toxicity reduction were assessed. Electrooxidation treatment presented a remarkable efficiency in methiocarb complete degradation and a high potential for reducing the undesirable ecological effects of this priority substance. The reaction rate followed first-order kinetics in both electrolytes, being more favorable in a chloride medium. In fact, the presence of chloride increased the methiocarb removal rate and toxicity reduction and favored nitrogen removal. A 200× reduction in the acute toxicity towards <i>D. magna</i>, from 370.9 to 1.6 toxic units, was observed for the solutions prepared with NaCl after 5 h treatment at 100 A m<sup>−2</sup>. An increase in the applied current density led to an increase in toxicity towards <i>D. magna</i> of the treated solutions. At optimized experimental conditions, electrooxidation offers a suitable solution for the treatment and elimination of undesirable ecological effects of methiocarb contaminated industrial or agricultural wastewaters, ensuring that this highly hazardous pesticide is not transferred to the aquatic environment. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:24:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2fa0cd63fcb466c998c5a11c4d7084a2023-11-20T18:12:22ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-10-011021743510.3390/app10217435Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical OxidationAnnabel Fernandes0Christopher Pereira1Susana Coelho2Celso Ferraz3Ana C. Sousa4M. Ramiro Pastorinho5Maria José Pacheco6Lurdes Ciríaco7Ana Lopes8FibEnTech-UBI, Department of Chemistry, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalFibEnTech-UBI, Department of Chemistry, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalHealth Sciences Research Centre (CICS), Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalHealth Sciences Research Centre (CICS), Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalNuESA-Health and Environment Study Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalFibEnTech-UBI, Department of Chemistry, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalFibEnTech-UBI, Department of Chemistry, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalFibEnTech-UBI, Department of Chemistry, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, PortugalThe ecotoxicity of methiocarb aqueous solutions treated by electrochemical oxidation was evaluated utilizing the model organism <i>Daphnia magna</i>. The electrodegradation experiments were performed using a boron-doped diamond anode and the influence of the applied current density and the supporting electrolyte (NaCl or Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) on methiocarb degradation and toxicity reduction were assessed. Electrooxidation treatment presented a remarkable efficiency in methiocarb complete degradation and a high potential for reducing the undesirable ecological effects of this priority substance. The reaction rate followed first-order kinetics in both electrolytes, being more favorable in a chloride medium. In fact, the presence of chloride increased the methiocarb removal rate and toxicity reduction and favored nitrogen removal. A 200× reduction in the acute toxicity towards <i>D. magna</i>, from 370.9 to 1.6 toxic units, was observed for the solutions prepared with NaCl after 5 h treatment at 100 A m<sup>−2</sup>. An increase in the applied current density led to an increase in toxicity towards <i>D. magna</i> of the treated solutions. At optimized experimental conditions, electrooxidation offers a suitable solution for the treatment and elimination of undesirable ecological effects of methiocarb contaminated industrial or agricultural wastewaters, ensuring that this highly hazardous pesticide is not transferred to the aquatic environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7435acute toxicity<i>Daphnia magna</i>electrochemical oxidationemerging contaminantsmethiocarb |
| spellingShingle | Annabel Fernandes Christopher Pereira Susana Coelho Celso Ferraz Ana C. Sousa M. Ramiro Pastorinho Maria José Pacheco Lurdes Ciríaco Ana Lopes Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation Applied Sciences acute toxicity <i>Daphnia magna</i> electrochemical oxidation emerging contaminants methiocarb |
| title | Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation |
| title_full | Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation |
| title_fullStr | Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation |
| title_short | Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Methiocarb Electrochemical Oxidation |
| title_sort | ecotoxicological evaluation of methiocarb electrochemical oxidation |
| topic | acute toxicity <i>Daphnia magna</i> electrochemical oxidation emerging contaminants methiocarb |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/21/7435 |
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