Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward
The aim was to analyze the effects of two cereal grains differing in nutritional composition and starch degradation characteristics and the timing of their supplementation on feed intake, rumen microbial protein synthesis (MPS), performance, and nitrogen use of lactating dairy cows grazing an alfalf...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1235 |
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| author | Uta Dickhoefer Pedro Alan Sainz-Sanchez Gustavo Rojas Joaquín Miguel Castro-Montoya Carlos Gomez |
| author_facet | Uta Dickhoefer Pedro Alan Sainz-Sanchez Gustavo Rojas Joaquín Miguel Castro-Montoya Carlos Gomez |
| author_sort | Uta Dickhoefer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim was to analyze the effects of two cereal grains differing in nutritional composition and starch degradation characteristics and the timing of their supplementation on feed intake, rumen microbial protein synthesis (MPS), performance, and nitrogen use of lactating dairy cows grazing an alfalfa-ryegrass sward. Four dietary treatments were tested in 24 lactating Brown Swiss cows in an incomplete 4 × 3 Latin square design. Cows were supplemented with 3.5 kg/d (as-fed basis) of a corn-based or an oat-based concentrate mixture (CM), of which either the majority (2.5 vs. 1.0 kg/d) was offered before or after grazing. Feed intake was similar across diets, but the interaction between type of CM and timing of supplementation affected eating time (<i>p</i> = 0.010), milk protein (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and energy-corrected milk yields (<i>p</i> = 0.025), efficiency of rumen MPS (<i>p</i> = 0.094), and nitrogen use efficiency (<i>p</i> = 0.081). Most of these variables were greater when the majority of the corn-based CM was offered after grazing and the oat-based CM before grazing. Supplementing slowly degradable starch sources after and rapidly degradable starch sources before grazing may improve the efficiency of rumen MPS, milk performance, and nitrogen use efficiency in dairy cows grazing alfalfa-ryegrass swards. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2fb3e3ba93446eeafb0220a980ff121 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2fb3e3ba93446eeafb0220a980ff1212023-11-23T09:45:54ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-05-011210123510.3390/ani12101235Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass SwardUta Dickhoefer0Pedro Alan Sainz-Sanchez1Gustavo Rojas2Joaquín Miguel Castro-Montoya3Carlos Gomez4Animal Nutrition and Rangeland Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyAnimal Nutrition and Rangeland Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyAnimal Nutrition and Rangeland Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyAnimal Nutrition and Rangeland Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartamento Académico de Nutrición de la Facultad de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Ap. 456, Lima 12, PeruThe aim was to analyze the effects of two cereal grains differing in nutritional composition and starch degradation characteristics and the timing of their supplementation on feed intake, rumen microbial protein synthesis (MPS), performance, and nitrogen use of lactating dairy cows grazing an alfalfa-ryegrass sward. Four dietary treatments were tested in 24 lactating Brown Swiss cows in an incomplete 4 × 3 Latin square design. Cows were supplemented with 3.5 kg/d (as-fed basis) of a corn-based or an oat-based concentrate mixture (CM), of which either the majority (2.5 vs. 1.0 kg/d) was offered before or after grazing. Feed intake was similar across diets, but the interaction between type of CM and timing of supplementation affected eating time (<i>p</i> = 0.010), milk protein (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and energy-corrected milk yields (<i>p</i> = 0.025), efficiency of rumen MPS (<i>p</i> = 0.094), and nitrogen use efficiency (<i>p</i> = 0.081). Most of these variables were greater when the majority of the corn-based CM was offered after grazing and the oat-based CM before grazing. Supplementing slowly degradable starch sources after and rapidly degradable starch sources before grazing may improve the efficiency of rumen MPS, milk performance, and nitrogen use efficiency in dairy cows grazing alfalfa-ryegrass swards.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1235ruminantlegume pasturefeeding behaviorrumen microbial protein synthesisnitrogen balance |
| spellingShingle | Uta Dickhoefer Pedro Alan Sainz-Sanchez Gustavo Rojas Joaquín Miguel Castro-Montoya Carlos Gomez Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward Animals ruminant legume pasture feeding behavior rumen microbial protein synthesis nitrogen balance |
| title | Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward |
| title_full | Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward |
| title_short | Effects of Type of Concentrate and Timing of Supplementation on Feed Intake, Nitrogen Use, and Performance in Lactating Dairy Cows Grazing an Alfalfa-Ryegrass Sward |
| title_sort | effects of type of concentrate and timing of supplementation on feed intake nitrogen use and performance in lactating dairy cows grazing an alfalfa ryegrass sward |
| topic | ruminant legume pasture feeding behavior rumen microbial protein synthesis nitrogen balance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1235 |
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