Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover
ABSTRACTZoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs) caused major human outbreaks in the last two decades. One of the biggest challenges during future CoV disease is ensuring rapid detection and diagnosis at the early phase of a zoonotic event, and active surveillance to the zoonotic high-risk CoVs appears the bes...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2225932 |
| _version_ | 1797257069300023296 |
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| author | Xiao-Shuang Zheng Qi Wang Ting-ting Xie Hao-rui Si Wei Zhang Yan Zhu Ang Li Jia Su Zheng-Li Shi Peng Zhou |
| author_facet | Xiao-Shuang Zheng Qi Wang Ting-ting Xie Hao-rui Si Wei Zhang Yan Zhu Ang Li Jia Su Zheng-Li Shi Peng Zhou |
| author_sort | Xiao-Shuang Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACTZoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs) caused major human outbreaks in the last two decades. One of the biggest challenges during future CoV disease is ensuring rapid detection and diagnosis at the early phase of a zoonotic event, and active surveillance to the zoonotic high-risk CoVs appears the best way at the present time to provide early warnings. However, there is neither an evaluation of spillover potential nor diagnosis tools for the majority of CoVs. Here, we analyzed the viral traits, including population, genetic diversity, receptor and host species for all 40 alpha- and beta-CoV species, where the human-infecting CoVs are from. Our analysis proposed 20 high-risk CoV species, including 6 of which jumped to human, 3 with evidence of spillover but not to human and 11 without evidence of spillover yet, which prediction were further supported by an analysis of the history of CoV zoonosis. We also found three major zoonotic sources: multiple bat-origin CoV species, the rodent-origin sub-genus Embecovirus and the CoV species AlphaCoV1. Moreover, the Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae bats harbour a significantly higher proportion of human-threatening CoV species, whereas camel, civet, swine and pangolin could be important intermediate hosts during CoV zoonotic transmission. Finally, we established quick and sensitive serologic tools for a list of proposed high-risk CoVs and validated the methods in serum cross-reaction assays using hyper-immune rabbit sera or clinical samples. By comprehensive risk assessment of the potential human-infecting CoVs, our work provides a theoretical or practical basis for future CoV disease preparedness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:51:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2fc695fedee41abaa4d771336f5b768 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T22:31:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2fc695fedee41abaa4d771336f5b7682024-03-19T19:34:17ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512023-12-0112210.1080/22221751.2023.2225932Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spilloverXiao-Shuang Zheng0Qi Wang1Ting-ting Xie2Hao-rui Si3Wei Zhang4Yan Zhu5Ang Li6Jia Su7Zheng-Li Shi8Peng Zhou9CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaABSTRACTZoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs) caused major human outbreaks in the last two decades. One of the biggest challenges during future CoV disease is ensuring rapid detection and diagnosis at the early phase of a zoonotic event, and active surveillance to the zoonotic high-risk CoVs appears the best way at the present time to provide early warnings. However, there is neither an evaluation of spillover potential nor diagnosis tools for the majority of CoVs. Here, we analyzed the viral traits, including population, genetic diversity, receptor and host species for all 40 alpha- and beta-CoV species, where the human-infecting CoVs are from. Our analysis proposed 20 high-risk CoV species, including 6 of which jumped to human, 3 with evidence of spillover but not to human and 11 without evidence of spillover yet, which prediction were further supported by an analysis of the history of CoV zoonosis. We also found three major zoonotic sources: multiple bat-origin CoV species, the rodent-origin sub-genus Embecovirus and the CoV species AlphaCoV1. Moreover, the Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae bats harbour a significantly higher proportion of human-threatening CoV species, whereas camel, civet, swine and pangolin could be important intermediate hosts during CoV zoonotic transmission. Finally, we established quick and sensitive serologic tools for a list of proposed high-risk CoVs and validated the methods in serum cross-reaction assays using hyper-immune rabbit sera or clinical samples. By comprehensive risk assessment of the potential human-infecting CoVs, our work provides a theoretical or practical basis for future CoV disease preparedness.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2225932Coronavirusspilloverzoonosisrisk assessmentbatsserology |
| spellingShingle | Xiao-Shuang Zheng Qi Wang Ting-ting Xie Hao-rui Si Wei Zhang Yan Zhu Ang Li Jia Su Zheng-Li Shi Peng Zhou Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover Emerging Microbes and Infections Coronavirus spillover zoonosis risk assessment bats serology |
| title | Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| title_full | Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| title_fullStr | Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| title_short | Assessment and sero-diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| title_sort | assessment and sero diagnosis for coronaviruses with risk of human spillover |
| topic | Coronavirus spillover zoonosis risk assessment bats serology |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2225932 |
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