Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris
Environmental aging of ubiquitous microplastics (MP) occurs through the action of biotic and abiotic factors, and aged MP exhibit different physicochemical properties and environmental behavior from virgin MP. This study aimed to investigate the aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chlor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321003109 |
| _version_ | 1819297454057586688 |
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| author | Zezheng Wang Dongdong Fu Liu Gao Huaiyuan Qi Yuanyuan Su Licheng Peng |
| author_facet | Zezheng Wang Dongdong Fu Liu Gao Huaiyuan Qi Yuanyuan Su Licheng Peng |
| author_sort | Zezheng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Environmental aging of ubiquitous microplastics (MP) occurs through the action of biotic and abiotic factors, and aged MP exhibit different physicochemical properties and environmental behavior from virgin MP. This study aimed to investigate the aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chloride (mPVC), and the heavy metals copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), and examine the effects of their combined toxicities on microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Results showed that the presence of MP inhibited cell growth as compared with the control, the inhibition rate (I) decreased as concentrations of MP rose and aged MP exhibited stronger inhibition of cells than did virgin MP. The largest I was achieved in each culture with the MP concentration of 0.01 g/L, in which aged mPS with the maximal of 36.84% (Iaged mPS) followed by aged mPVC (Iaged mPVC = 30.03%), virgin mPS (Ivirgin mPS = 29.10%) and virgin mPVC (Ivirgin mPVC = 16.72%). Addition of the heavy metals Cu2+ and Cd2+ significantly inhibited cell growth, and toxicity increased with concentrations in a range of 0.5–2.0 mg/L; the maximum I values were 19.50% (ICu) and 85.14% (ICd), respectively. The combined toxicity of aged MP + Cu or aged MP + Cd was less than that of individual heavy metals. In particular, as compared with the maximal ICd of 85.14% achieved by single Cd2+, the toxicity of Cd2+ was greatly reduced when combined with aged mPS and mPVC, with the I value decreased to 27.55% (Iaged mPS) and 32.51% (Iaged mPVC), respectively. Both single and combined treatments caused cell damage to the microalga, accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular malonaldehyde (MDA) content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:14:15Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T05:14:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2fd729ee3a44942a536da99e83d00892022-12-21T17:13:36ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132021-07-01217112199Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgarisZezheng Wang0Dongdong Fu1Liu Gao2Huaiyuan Qi3Yuanyuan Su4Licheng Peng5College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR ChinaCollege of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China; Corresponding author at: College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, PR China.Environmental aging of ubiquitous microplastics (MP) occurs through the action of biotic and abiotic factors, and aged MP exhibit different physicochemical properties and environmental behavior from virgin MP. This study aimed to investigate the aged micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and polyvinyl chloride (mPVC), and the heavy metals copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), and examine the effects of their combined toxicities on microalga Chlorella vulgaris. Results showed that the presence of MP inhibited cell growth as compared with the control, the inhibition rate (I) decreased as concentrations of MP rose and aged MP exhibited stronger inhibition of cells than did virgin MP. The largest I was achieved in each culture with the MP concentration of 0.01 g/L, in which aged mPS with the maximal of 36.84% (Iaged mPS) followed by aged mPVC (Iaged mPVC = 30.03%), virgin mPS (Ivirgin mPS = 29.10%) and virgin mPVC (Ivirgin mPVC = 16.72%). Addition of the heavy metals Cu2+ and Cd2+ significantly inhibited cell growth, and toxicity increased with concentrations in a range of 0.5–2.0 mg/L; the maximum I values were 19.50% (ICu) and 85.14% (ICd), respectively. The combined toxicity of aged MP + Cu or aged MP + Cd was less than that of individual heavy metals. In particular, as compared with the maximal ICd of 85.14% achieved by single Cd2+, the toxicity of Cd2+ was greatly reduced when combined with aged mPS and mPVC, with the I value decreased to 27.55% (Iaged mPS) and 32.51% (Iaged mPVC), respectively. Both single and combined treatments caused cell damage to the microalga, accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular malonaldehyde (MDA) content.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321003109Aged microplasticHeavy metalMicroalgaChlorella vulgarisCombined toxicity |
| spellingShingle | Zezheng Wang Dongdong Fu Liu Gao Huaiyuan Qi Yuanyuan Su Licheng Peng Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Aged microplastic Heavy metal Microalga Chlorella vulgaris Combined toxicity |
| title | Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris |
| title_full | Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris |
| title_fullStr | Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris |
| title_short | Aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga Chlorella vulgaris |
| title_sort | aged microplastics decrease the bioavailability of coexisting heavy metals to microalga chlorella vulgaris |
| topic | Aged microplastic Heavy metal Microalga Chlorella vulgaris Combined toxicity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321003109 |
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