Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review
Human T Lymphotronic Virus type 1 was the first retrovirus discovered associated with fatal diseases in humans and said to have emerged following zoonotic transmission from simian populations. Their primary target is adult CD4 T-cells and most infected individuals are asymptomatic. However, a signi...
| المؤلفون الرئيسيون: | , |
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| التنسيق: | مقال |
| اللغة: | English |
| منشور في: |
Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
2018-12-01
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| سلاسل: | UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research |
| الموضوعات: | |
| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/220 |
| _version_ | 1826958130317099008 |
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| author | Auwal, I. Kabuga Lawal D. Rogo |
| author_facet | Auwal, I. Kabuga Lawal D. Rogo |
| author_sort | Auwal, I. Kabuga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Human T Lymphotronic Virus type 1 was the first retrovirus discovered associated with fatal diseases in humans and said to have emerged following zoonotic transmission from simian populations. Their primary target is adult CD4 T-cells and most infected individuals are asymptomatic. However, a significant number may develop persistent infection and progress to an aggressive lymphoproliferative disease, known as Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma-ATLL. Some may develop a debilitating neuro-inflammatory disease called Tropical Spastic Paraparesis-TSP, predominantly involving the lower limbs, with or without hyperactive urinary bladder. Unprotected sexual intercourse and breastfeeding account for the highest number of cases and is also transmitted by uncheck blood transfusion or sharing of contaminated sharps. ATLL and TSP are life-threatening diseases initially restricted to Middle East and some parts of Africa, but recently, cases are being reported in many parts of the world. Unfortunately, even though the antiretroviral therapy have greatly improved and significantly reduced HIV progression to AIDS, such great break through is not worthy benefit for HTLV infected individuals. Thus, they are identified as severe human diseases of public health concern. This review is an overview and contains update about the biology of the virus, its interaction with the host, HAM/TSP and ATLL; their epidemiology and clinical presentations.
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| first_indexed | 2025-02-18T00:31:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a306ad2b51b945fbb9541a920c20981f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2616-0668 2814-1822 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-18T00:31:50Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria |
| record_format | Article |
| series | UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a306ad2b51b945fbb9541a920c20981f2024-11-28T11:08:32ZengUmaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, NigeriaUMYU Journal of Microbiology Research2616-06682814-18222018-12-013210.47430/ujmr.1832.011220Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A ReviewAuwal, I. Kabuga0Lawal D. Rogo1Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, NigeriaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria Human T Lymphotronic Virus type 1 was the first retrovirus discovered associated with fatal diseases in humans and said to have emerged following zoonotic transmission from simian populations. Their primary target is adult CD4 T-cells and most infected individuals are asymptomatic. However, a significant number may develop persistent infection and progress to an aggressive lymphoproliferative disease, known as Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma-ATLL. Some may develop a debilitating neuro-inflammatory disease called Tropical Spastic Paraparesis-TSP, predominantly involving the lower limbs, with or without hyperactive urinary bladder. Unprotected sexual intercourse and breastfeeding account for the highest number of cases and is also transmitted by uncheck blood transfusion or sharing of contaminated sharps. ATLL and TSP are life-threatening diseases initially restricted to Middle East and some parts of Africa, but recently, cases are being reported in many parts of the world. Unfortunately, even though the antiretroviral therapy have greatly improved and significantly reduced HIV progression to AIDS, such great break through is not worthy benefit for HTLV infected individuals. Thus, they are identified as severe human diseases of public health concern. This review is an overview and contains update about the biology of the virus, its interaction with the host, HAM/TSP and ATLL; their epidemiology and clinical presentations. https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/220CD4 cellsleukaemialymphomamyelopathyoncogenic virusesparaparesis |
| spellingShingle | Auwal, I. Kabuga Lawal D. Rogo Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research CD4 cells leukaemia lymphoma myelopathy oncogenic viruses paraparesis |
| title | Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review |
| title_full | Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review |
| title_short | Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Associated Myelopathy and Leukemia: A Review |
| title_sort | human t lymphotropic virus associated myelopathy and leukemia a review |
| topic | CD4 cells leukaemia lymphoma myelopathy oncogenic viruses paraparesis |
| url | https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/220 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT auwalikabuga humantlymphotropicvirusassociatedmyelopathyandleukemiaareview AT lawaldrogo humantlymphotropicvirusassociatedmyelopathyandleukemiaareview |