Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)
Additive parts made of 2205 duplex stainless steel were fabricated by cold metal transfer (CMT) wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), and their microstructure and properties were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction results show that austenite phase and ferrite phase were formed in th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1655 |
| _version_ | 1827648905319284736 |
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| author | Xiaolin Bi Ruifeng Li Zhenxing Hu Jiayang Gu Chen Jiao |
| author_facet | Xiaolin Bi Ruifeng Li Zhenxing Hu Jiayang Gu Chen Jiao |
| author_sort | Xiaolin Bi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive parts made of 2205 duplex stainless steel were fabricated by cold metal transfer (CMT) wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), and their microstructure and properties were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction results show that austenite phase and ferrite phase were formed in the additive parts. Due to the low heat input characteristics of CMT-WAAM, no σ phase was observed. The microstructure in the additive parts was different from the bottom to the top, with the content of austenite phase gradually increasing and that of ferrite gradually decreasing. The EBSD results indicate that the ferrite phase in the bottom part grew parallel to the normal direction of {100}. However, the ferrite phase in the middle part grew parallel to the plane composed of the build direction and normal direction, and along {100} and {111}. The effect of the ferrite and austenite contents on the mechanical performance of the additive parts was simulated using the LAMMPS software. The simulation results exhibit a common characteristic in that the dislocations move mainly along the 1/6<112> crystallographic direction families. The simulated maximum tensile stress values of the bottom, middle, and top parts were 23.3 GPa, 22.3 Gpa, and 22.5 Gpa, respectively. The data from the bottom tensile strength simulation were consistent with the actual data, and the bottom tensile strength was the largest in the actual tensile process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a31104b4dbcf4c4fa943f028d813f16d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:48:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-a31104b4dbcf4c4fa943f028d813f16d2023-11-24T01:18:36ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-09-011210165510.3390/met12101655Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)Xiaolin Bi0Ruifeng Li1Zhenxing Hu2Jiayang Gu3Chen Jiao4School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, ChinaMarine Equipment and Technology Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, ChinaMarine Equipment and Technology Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, ChinaAdditive parts made of 2205 duplex stainless steel were fabricated by cold metal transfer (CMT) wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), and their microstructure and properties were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction results show that austenite phase and ferrite phase were formed in the additive parts. Due to the low heat input characteristics of CMT-WAAM, no σ phase was observed. The microstructure in the additive parts was different from the bottom to the top, with the content of austenite phase gradually increasing and that of ferrite gradually decreasing. The EBSD results indicate that the ferrite phase in the bottom part grew parallel to the normal direction of {100}. However, the ferrite phase in the middle part grew parallel to the plane composed of the build direction and normal direction, and along {100} and {111}. The effect of the ferrite and austenite contents on the mechanical performance of the additive parts was simulated using the LAMMPS software. The simulation results exhibit a common characteristic in that the dislocations move mainly along the 1/6<112> crystallographic direction families. The simulated maximum tensile stress values of the bottom, middle, and top parts were 23.3 GPa, 22.3 Gpa, and 22.5 Gpa, respectively. The data from the bottom tensile strength simulation were consistent with the actual data, and the bottom tensile strength was the largest in the actual tensile process.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/16552205 duplex stainless steeladditive partsmicrostructure evolutionmechanical propertiesTexture |
| spellingShingle | Xiaolin Bi Ruifeng Li Zhenxing Hu Jiayang Gu Chen Jiao Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Metals 2205 duplex stainless steel additive parts microstructure evolution mechanical properties Texture |
| title | Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) |
| title_full | Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) |
| title_fullStr | Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) |
| title_short | Microstructure and Texture of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Additive Parts Fabricated by the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) |
| title_sort | microstructure and texture of 2205 duplex stainless steel additive parts fabricated by the cold metal transfer cmt wire and arc additive manufacturing waam |
| topic | 2205 duplex stainless steel additive parts microstructure evolution mechanical properties Texture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1655 |
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