The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage
Circadian clocks integrate environmental cues with endogenous signals to coordinate physiological outputs. Clock genes in plants are involved in many physiological and developmental processes, such as photosynthesis, stomata opening, stem elongation, light signaling, and floral induction. Many <i...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1664 |
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| author | Nan Sun Kim Su Jeong Kim Jung Su Jo Jun Gu Lee Soo In Lee Dong Hwan Kim Jin A. Kim |
| author_facet | Nan Sun Kim Su Jeong Kim Jung Su Jo Jun Gu Lee Soo In Lee Dong Hwan Kim Jin A. Kim |
| author_sort | Nan Sun Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Circadian clocks integrate environmental cues with endogenous signals to coordinate physiological outputs. Clock genes in plants are involved in many physiological and developmental processes, such as photosynthesis, stomata opening, stem elongation, light signaling, and floral induction. Many <i>Brassicaceae</i> family plants, including Chinese cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>), produce a unique glucosinolate (GSL) secondary metabolite, which enhances plant protection, facilitates the design of functional foods, and has potential medical applications (e.g., as antidiabetic and anticancer agents). The levels of GSLs change diurnally, suggesting a connection to the circadian clock system. We investigated whether circadian clock genes affect the biosynthesis of GSLs in <i>Brassica rapa</i> using RNAi-mediated suppressed transgenic <i>Brassica rapa</i> <i>GIGENTEA</i> homolog (<i>BrGI</i> knockdown; hereafter GK1) Chinese cabbage. <i>GIGANTEA</i> plays an important role in the plant circadian clock system and is related to various developmental and metabolic processes. Using a validated GK1 transgenic line, we performed RNA sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses. The transcript levels of many GSL pathway genes were significantly altered in GK1 transgenic plants. In addition, GSL contents were substantially reduced in GK1 transgenic plants. We report that the <i>BrGI</i> circadian clock gene is required for the biosynthesis of GSLs in Chinese cabbage plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:28:44Z |
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| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:28:44Z |
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| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3128daf36954afcb806c60491e274e62023-11-22T23:26:59ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-10-011211166410.3390/genes12111664The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese CabbageNan Sun Kim0Su Jeong Kim1Jung Su Jo2Jun Gu Lee3Soo In Lee4Dong Hwan Kim5Jin A. Kim6Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, KoreaDepartment of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, KoreaDepartment of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, KoreaCircadian clocks integrate environmental cues with endogenous signals to coordinate physiological outputs. Clock genes in plants are involved in many physiological and developmental processes, such as photosynthesis, stomata opening, stem elongation, light signaling, and floral induction. Many <i>Brassicaceae</i> family plants, including Chinese cabbage (<i>Brassica rapa</i> ssp. <i>pekinensis</i>), produce a unique glucosinolate (GSL) secondary metabolite, which enhances plant protection, facilitates the design of functional foods, and has potential medical applications (e.g., as antidiabetic and anticancer agents). The levels of GSLs change diurnally, suggesting a connection to the circadian clock system. We investigated whether circadian clock genes affect the biosynthesis of GSLs in <i>Brassica rapa</i> using RNAi-mediated suppressed transgenic <i>Brassica rapa</i> <i>GIGENTEA</i> homolog (<i>BrGI</i> knockdown; hereafter GK1) Chinese cabbage. <i>GIGANTEA</i> plays an important role in the plant circadian clock system and is related to various developmental and metabolic processes. Using a validated GK1 transgenic line, we performed RNA sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses. The transcript levels of many GSL pathway genes were significantly altered in GK1 transgenic plants. In addition, GSL contents were substantially reduced in GK1 transgenic plants. We report that the <i>BrGI</i> circadian clock gene is required for the biosynthesis of GSLs in Chinese cabbage plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1664Chinese cabbagecircadian clockglucosinolatemetaboliteRNAi |
| spellingShingle | Nan Sun Kim Su Jeong Kim Jung Su Jo Jun Gu Lee Soo In Lee Dong Hwan Kim Jin A. Kim The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage Genes Chinese cabbage circadian clock glucosinolate metabolite RNAi |
| title | The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage |
| title_full | The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage |
| title_fullStr | The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage |
| title_full_unstemmed | The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage |
| title_short | The <i>BrGI</i> Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage |
| title_sort | i brgi i circadian clock gene is involved in the regulation of glucosinolates in chinese cabbage |
| topic | Chinese cabbage circadian clock glucosinolate metabolite RNAi |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1664 |
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