Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health
According to the World Health Organization, viable probiotics could have health effects. However, in recent years, many benefits have been observed through application of inactive and non-viable cells of microbes or their metabolites. Therefore, probiotics could be defined as viable, inactive, or no...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-15832-en.html |
| _version_ | 1797958900752842752 |
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| author | Fatemeh Zendeboodi Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed Mohammad Mahdi Gholian Amir Mohammad Mortazavian Sara Sohrabvandi Nasim Khorshidian Reza Mohammadi |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Zendeboodi Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed Mohammad Mahdi Gholian Amir Mohammad Mortazavian Sara Sohrabvandi Nasim Khorshidian Reza Mohammadi |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Zendeboodi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | According to the World Health Organization, viable probiotics could have health effects. However, in recent years, many benefits have been observed through application of inactive and non-viable cells of microbes or their metabolites. Therefore, probiotics could be defined as viable, inactive, or non-viable microbial cells or cell extracts that have beneficial health effects on the host. Based on the proposed terminology, probiotics are divided into three categories: real probiotics, pseudo-probiotics, and ghost probiotics. This article reviewed the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of inactive and non-viable microbial cells on the host. Also in this article, new proposed terms are described based on the nature of the cell or active ingredient so that it could cover all aspects of the microbial cell (viable, non-viable, inactive, and cell extract). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:25:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a329d4db9712427dbe7bc34dae284b61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-9260 1735-9279 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:25:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a329d4db9712427dbe7bc34dae284b612023-01-08T08:42:38ZengMazandaran University of Medical SciencesJournal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences1735-92601735-92792021-01-0130193125139Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on HealthFatemeh Zendeboodi0Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed1Mohammad Mahdi Gholian2Amir Mohammad Mortazavian3Sara Sohrabvandi4Nasim Khorshidian5Reza Mohammadi6 PhD in Food Science and Technology, Student Research Committee, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran PhD Student in Food Science and Technology, Department of grape processing, Research Institute for Grapes and Raisin, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran Professor, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Aradan School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran According to the World Health Organization, viable probiotics could have health effects. However, in recent years, many benefits have been observed through application of inactive and non-viable cells of microbes or their metabolites. Therefore, probiotics could be defined as viable, inactive, or non-viable microbial cells or cell extracts that have beneficial health effects on the host. Based on the proposed terminology, probiotics are divided into three categories: real probiotics, pseudo-probiotics, and ghost probiotics. This article reviewed the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of inactive and non-viable microbial cells on the host. Also in this article, new proposed terms are described based on the nature of the cell or active ingredient so that it could cover all aspects of the microbial cell (viable, non-viable, inactive, and cell extract).http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-15832-en.htmlprobioticsparabioticsnon-viable cellghost probioticspseudo-probiotics |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Zendeboodi Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed Mohammad Mahdi Gholian Amir Mohammad Mortazavian Sara Sohrabvandi Nasim Khorshidian Reza Mohammadi Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences probiotics parabiotics non-viable cell ghost probiotics pseudo-probiotics |
| title | Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health |
| title_full | Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health |
| title_fullStr | Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health |
| title_short | Beneficial Effects of Inactive and Non-Viable Probiotics on Health |
| title_sort | beneficial effects of inactive and non viable probiotics on health |
| topic | probiotics parabiotics non-viable cell ghost probiotics pseudo-probiotics |
| url | http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-15832-en.html |
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