Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany
The genome analysis of 328 H1N1 swine influenza virus isolates collected in a 13-year long-term swine influenza surveillance in Germany is reported. Viral genomes were sequenced with the Illumina next-generation sequencing technique and conventional Sanger methods. Phylogenetic analyses were conduct...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/762 |
| _version_ | 1827713059436625920 |
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| author | Roland Zell Marco Groth Andi Krumbholz Jeannette Lange Anja Philipps Ralf Dürrwald |
| author_facet | Roland Zell Marco Groth Andi Krumbholz Jeannette Lange Anja Philipps Ralf Dürrwald |
| author_sort | Roland Zell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genome analysis of 328 H1N1 swine influenza virus isolates collected in a 13-year long-term swine influenza surveillance in Germany is reported. Viral genomes were sequenced with the Illumina next-generation sequencing technique and conventional Sanger methods. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with Bayesian tree inference. The results indicate continued prevalence of Eurasian avian swine H1N1 but also emergence of a novel H1N1 reassortant, named Schneiderkrug/2013-like swine H1N1, with human-like hemagglutinin and avian-like neuraminidase and internal genes. Additionally, the evolution of an antigenic drift variant of A (H1N1) pdm09 was observed, named Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1. Both variants were first isolated in northwest Germany, spread to neighboring German states and reached greater proportions of the H1N1 isolates of 2014 and 2015. The upsurge of Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1 is of interest as this is the first documented persistent swine-to-swine spread of A (H1N1) pdm09 in Germany associated with antigenic variation. Present enzootic swine influenza viruses in Germany now include two or more co-circulating, antigenically variant viruses of each of the subtypes, H1N1 and H1N2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:27:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a33b24d4b9f44ed8a182273ec220268b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:27:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-a33b24d4b9f44ed8a182273ec220268b2023-11-20T06:53:39ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-07-0112776210.3390/v12070762Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in GermanyRoland Zell0Marco Groth1Andi Krumbholz2Jeannette Lange3Anja Philipps4Ralf Dürrwald5Section of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, GermanyCF DNA Sequencing, Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, D-07745 Jena, GermanySection of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, GermanySection of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, GermanySection of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, GermanySection of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, GermanyThe genome analysis of 328 H1N1 swine influenza virus isolates collected in a 13-year long-term swine influenza surveillance in Germany is reported. Viral genomes were sequenced with the Illumina next-generation sequencing technique and conventional Sanger methods. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with Bayesian tree inference. The results indicate continued prevalence of Eurasian avian swine H1N1 but also emergence of a novel H1N1 reassortant, named Schneiderkrug/2013-like swine H1N1, with human-like hemagglutinin and avian-like neuraminidase and internal genes. Additionally, the evolution of an antigenic drift variant of A (H1N1) pdm09 was observed, named Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1. Both variants were first isolated in northwest Germany, spread to neighboring German states and reached greater proportions of the H1N1 isolates of 2014 and 2015. The upsurge of Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1 is of interest as this is the first documented persistent swine-to-swine spread of A (H1N1) pdm09 in Germany associated with antigenic variation. Present enzootic swine influenza viruses in Germany now include two or more co-circulating, antigenically variant viruses of each of the subtypes, H1N1 and H1N2.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/762swine influenza virusreassortmentH1N1antigenic driftphylogenetic analysisGermany |
| spellingShingle | Roland Zell Marco Groth Andi Krumbholz Jeannette Lange Anja Philipps Ralf Dürrwald Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany Viruses swine influenza virus reassortment H1N1 antigenic drift phylogenetic analysis Germany |
| title | Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany |
| title_full | Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany |
| title_fullStr | Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany |
| title_short | Cocirculation of Swine H1N1 Influenza A Virus Lineages in Germany |
| title_sort | cocirculation of swine h1n1 influenza a virus lineages in germany |
| topic | swine influenza virus reassortment H1N1 antigenic drift phylogenetic analysis Germany |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/762 |
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