Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious chronic complications in the clinic. Cornus officinalis has the effects of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, tonifying liver and kidney, and it is one of the main traditional Chinese medicines used clinically to treat diab...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1039711/full |
| _version_ | 1811195558988087296 |
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| author | Cheng-Guo Ju Lin Zhu Wei Wang Hui Gao Yu-Bin Xu Tian-Zhu Jia |
| author_facet | Cheng-Guo Ju Lin Zhu Wei Wang Hui Gao Yu-Bin Xu Tian-Zhu Jia |
| author_sort | Cheng-Guo Ju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious chronic complications in the clinic. Cornus officinalis has the effects of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, tonifying liver and kidney, and it is one of the main traditional Chinese medicines used clinically to treat diabetes and its complications. However, the effect and mechanism of Cornus officinalis before and after processing on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy need to be further elucidated.Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (10 rats) and DN groups (70 rats). After 4 weeks of high-sugar and high-fat diet, the DN rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After successful modeling, the rats were randomly divided into DN model group, irbesartan group (1.35 mg·kg−1), Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), wine Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), wine honey Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), auxiliary wine group (10 ml·kg−1), auxiliary wine honey group (10 ml·kg−1). During the observation of the rats’ general state, after 6 weeks of continuous administration, the fasting blood glucose of rats in each group was detected, and the kidney index was calculated. The serum creatinine levels, urea nitrogen and 24 h urinary microalbumin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA in renal tissue were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes in renal pathological injury in each group; GC-MS detected the changes of short chain fatty acid content. Feces were collected for 16 s high-throughput sequencing to analyze the effects of Cornus officinalis on the diversity of intestinal flora in DN before and after processing.Results: Compared with the blank group, the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, 24 h urinary microalbumin, kidney index and fasting blood glucose in the DN model group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The renal tissue morphology was disordered and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The expression of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the DN model group, the serum creatinine, urea. Nitrogen, 24 h urine microalbumin, kidney index and fasting blood glucose of rats in each administration group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), and the general condition and pathological renal damage of DN rats were improved. The effect of wine honey Cornus officinalis was the best, and the expression of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In each administration group, the improvement of the above indicators in the wine honey Cornus officinalis group was significantly better than that in the raw Cornus officinalis group and wine Cornus officinalis group (p < 0.05), There was no significant difference compared with the irbesartan group (p > 0.05). Each administration group had a significant callback effect on the content of short-chain fatty acids in rat feces, with increased intestinal beneficial bacteria and decreased pathogenic bacteria. Compared with the blank group, the abundance of Firmicutes in the DN model group increased, the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased, and the ratio showed an upward trend in the DN model group decreased. Each administration group could improve the relative abundance of the above intestinal flora in the model group to varying degrees.Conclusion: The processing of Cornus officinalis may improve the renal injury of DN rats by blocking the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, regulating the structural composition of intestinal microorganisms, and ultimately playing a role in renal protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:45:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a34356b084a34a03848313bc76298f12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:45:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a34356b084a34a03848313bc76298f122022-12-22T03:54:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-10-011310.3389/fphar.2022.10397111039711Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy ratsCheng-Guo Ju0Lin Zhu1Wei Wang2Hui Gao3Yu-Bin Xu4Tian-Zhu Jia5College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, ChinaBeijing Jujing Health Technology Group, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, ChinaBackground: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious chronic complications in the clinic. Cornus officinalis has the effects of replenishing qi and nourishing yin, tonifying liver and kidney, and it is one of the main traditional Chinese medicines used clinically to treat diabetes and its complications. However, the effect and mechanism of Cornus officinalis before and after processing on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy need to be further elucidated.Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (10 rats) and DN groups (70 rats). After 4 weeks of high-sugar and high-fat diet, the DN rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After successful modeling, the rats were randomly divided into DN model group, irbesartan group (1.35 mg·kg−1), Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), wine Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), wine honey Cornus officinalis group (281.25 mg·kg−1), auxiliary wine group (10 ml·kg−1), auxiliary wine honey group (10 ml·kg−1). During the observation of the rats’ general state, after 6 weeks of continuous administration, the fasting blood glucose of rats in each group was detected, and the kidney index was calculated. The serum creatinine levels, urea nitrogen and 24 h urinary microalbumin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA in renal tissue were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes in renal pathological injury in each group; GC-MS detected the changes of short chain fatty acid content. Feces were collected for 16 s high-throughput sequencing to analyze the effects of Cornus officinalis on the diversity of intestinal flora in DN before and after processing.Results: Compared with the blank group, the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, 24 h urinary microalbumin, kidney index and fasting blood glucose in the DN model group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The renal tissue morphology was disordered and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The expression of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the DN model group, the serum creatinine, urea. Nitrogen, 24 h urine microalbumin, kidney index and fasting blood glucose of rats in each administration group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), and the general condition and pathological renal damage of DN rats were improved. The effect of wine honey Cornus officinalis was the best, and the expression of YKL-40, Wnt4, β-catenin and TGF-β1 mRNA was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In each administration group, the improvement of the above indicators in the wine honey Cornus officinalis group was significantly better than that in the raw Cornus officinalis group and wine Cornus officinalis group (p < 0.05), There was no significant difference compared with the irbesartan group (p > 0.05). Each administration group had a significant callback effect on the content of short-chain fatty acids in rat feces, with increased intestinal beneficial bacteria and decreased pathogenic bacteria. Compared with the blank group, the abundance of Firmicutes in the DN model group increased, the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased, and the ratio showed an upward trend in the DN model group decreased. Each administration group could improve the relative abundance of the above intestinal flora in the model group to varying degrees.Conclusion: The processing of Cornus officinalis may improve the renal injury of DN rats by blocking the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, regulating the structural composition of intestinal microorganisms, and ultimately playing a role in renal protection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1039711/fullcornus officinaliswine cornus officinaliswine honey cornus officinalisDNWnt/β-catenin signaling pathwayintestinal flora |
| spellingShingle | Cheng-Guo Ju Lin Zhu Wei Wang Hui Gao Yu-Bin Xu Tian-Zhu Jia Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats Frontiers in Pharmacology cornus officinalis wine cornus officinalis wine honey cornus officinalis DN Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway intestinal flora |
| title | Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| title_full | Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| title_fullStr | Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| title_short | Cornus officinalis prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| title_sort | cornus officinalis prior and post processing regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats |
| topic | cornus officinalis wine cornus officinalis wine honey cornus officinalis DN Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway intestinal flora |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1039711/full |
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