Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom
Intense blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Ostreopsis</i> producing palytoxin (PlTX) analogs, mainly ovatoxins (OVTXs), have been a recurrent phenomenon along several Mediterranean coasts. Although there is evidence of seafood contamination by these toxins, the dynamics of their bioac...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1402 |
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| author | Stefano Accoroni Marika Ubaldi Simone Bacchiocchi Francesca Neri Melania Siracusa Maria Giovanna Buonomo Alessandra Campanelli Cecilia Totti |
| author_facet | Stefano Accoroni Marika Ubaldi Simone Bacchiocchi Francesca Neri Melania Siracusa Maria Giovanna Buonomo Alessandra Campanelli Cecilia Totti |
| author_sort | Stefano Accoroni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intense blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Ostreopsis</i> producing palytoxin (PlTX) analogs, mainly ovatoxins (OVTXs), have been a recurrent phenomenon along several Mediterranean coasts. Although there is evidence of seafood contamination by these toxins, the dynamics of their bioaccumulation during <i>Ostreopsis</i> blooms is not yet clear. Toxin concentrations in wild mussels at two sites in the Conero Riviera, along the northern Adriatic Sea (Portonovo and Passetto), were analyzed from August to October 2021, throughout an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> bloom, to investigate their relationships with the bloom pattern and abundances. Contaminated mussels showed the typical toxin profile dominated by OVTX-a and -b, with levels lower than the threshold considered unsafe for human consumption (30 µg PlTX-equivalent kg<sup>−1</sup> soft tissue). The toxin content reached 36.4 µg PlTX kg<sup>−1</sup> soft tissue only in a single sampling date. A clear correlation between the bioaccumulation of OVTXs in mussels and the abundance of <i>Ostreopsis</i> was observed. Our results highlighted, however, that bioaccumulation in the mussels is not affected merely by the abundance of toxic microalgae, since higher toxin levels were recorded at Portonovo, where the cell abundances were lower than at Passetto. The results from this study indicate that the Italian guidelines for the management of <i>Ostreopsis</i> blooms in bathing waters are also useful in managing the risks of human intoxication through ingestion, as mussel contamination was detected only during the alert phase (10,000–30,000 cells L<sup>−1</sup>). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:10Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-a360188850804e188600d9ccf8ef08b72023-11-24T00:43:41ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-10-011010140210.3390/jmse10101402Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> BloomStefano Accoroni0Marika Ubaldi1Simone Bacchiocchi2Francesca Neri3Melania Siracusa4Maria Giovanna Buonomo5Alessandra Campanelli6Cecilia Totti7Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via G. Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, ItalyConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-IRBIM, Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyIntense blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Ostreopsis</i> producing palytoxin (PlTX) analogs, mainly ovatoxins (OVTXs), have been a recurrent phenomenon along several Mediterranean coasts. Although there is evidence of seafood contamination by these toxins, the dynamics of their bioaccumulation during <i>Ostreopsis</i> blooms is not yet clear. Toxin concentrations in wild mussels at two sites in the Conero Riviera, along the northern Adriatic Sea (Portonovo and Passetto), were analyzed from August to October 2021, throughout an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> bloom, to investigate their relationships with the bloom pattern and abundances. Contaminated mussels showed the typical toxin profile dominated by OVTX-a and -b, with levels lower than the threshold considered unsafe for human consumption (30 µg PlTX-equivalent kg<sup>−1</sup> soft tissue). The toxin content reached 36.4 µg PlTX kg<sup>−1</sup> soft tissue only in a single sampling date. A clear correlation between the bioaccumulation of OVTXs in mussels and the abundance of <i>Ostreopsis</i> was observed. Our results highlighted, however, that bioaccumulation in the mussels is not affected merely by the abundance of toxic microalgae, since higher toxin levels were recorded at Portonovo, where the cell abundances were lower than at Passetto. The results from this study indicate that the Italian guidelines for the management of <i>Ostreopsis</i> blooms in bathing waters are also useful in managing the risks of human intoxication through ingestion, as mussel contamination was detected only during the alert phase (10,000–30,000 cells L<sup>−1</sup>).https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1402harmful algaetoxicitypalytoxinemerging toxinstoxic algaebenthic dinoflagellates |
| spellingShingle | Stefano Accoroni Marika Ubaldi Simone Bacchiocchi Francesca Neri Melania Siracusa Maria Giovanna Buonomo Alessandra Campanelli Cecilia Totti Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom Journal of Marine Science and Engineering harmful algae toxicity palytoxin emerging toxins toxic algae benthic dinoflagellates |
| title | Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom |
| title_full | Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom |
| title_fullStr | Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom |
| title_short | Palytoxin-Analogues Accumulation in Natural Mussel Banks during an <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i> Bloom |
| title_sort | palytoxin analogues accumulation in natural mussel banks during an i ostreopsis i cf i ovata i bloom |
| topic | harmful algae toxicity palytoxin emerging toxins toxic algae benthic dinoflagellates |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1402 |
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