Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations
The growing demand for electric vehicles (EV) in the last decade and the most recent European Commission regulation to only allow EV on the road from 2035 involved the necessity to design a cost-effective and sustainable EV charging station (CS). A crucial challenge for charging stations arises from...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6656 |
| _version_ | 1797580331273945088 |
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| author | Gülsah Erdogan Wiem Fekih Hassen |
| author_facet | Gülsah Erdogan Wiem Fekih Hassen |
| author_sort | Gülsah Erdogan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing demand for electric vehicles (EV) in the last decade and the most recent European Commission regulation to only allow EV on the road from 2035 involved the necessity to design a cost-effective and sustainable EV charging station (CS). A crucial challenge for charging stations arises from matching fluctuating power supplies and meeting peak load demand. The overall objective of this paper is to optimize the charging scheduling of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for EV charging stations while maximizing PV power usage and reducing grid energy costs. This goal is achieved by forecasting the PV power and the load demand using different deep learning (DL) algorithms such as the recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). Then, the predicted data are adopted to design a scheduling algorithm that determines the optimal charging time slots for the HESS. The findings demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, showcasing a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 5.78% for real-time PV power forecasting and 9.70% for real-time load demand forecasting. Moreover, the proposed scheduling algorithm reduces the total grid energy cost by 12.13%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:49:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a364ae86974242fdb784561052a45f67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:49:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a364ae86974242fdb784561052a45f672023-11-19T10:28:15ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-09-011618665610.3390/en16186656Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging StationsGülsah Erdogan0Wiem Fekih Hassen1Chair of Distributed Information Systems, University of Passau, Innstraße 41, 94032 Passau, GermanyChair of Distributed Information Systems, University of Passau, Innstraße 41, 94032 Passau, GermanyThe growing demand for electric vehicles (EV) in the last decade and the most recent European Commission regulation to only allow EV on the road from 2035 involved the necessity to design a cost-effective and sustainable EV charging station (CS). A crucial challenge for charging stations arises from matching fluctuating power supplies and meeting peak load demand. The overall objective of this paper is to optimize the charging scheduling of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for EV charging stations while maximizing PV power usage and reducing grid energy costs. This goal is achieved by forecasting the PV power and the load demand using different deep learning (DL) algorithms such as the recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). Then, the predicted data are adopted to design a scheduling algorithm that determines the optimal charging time slots for the HESS. The findings demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, showcasing a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 5.78% for real-time PV power forecasting and 9.70% for real-time load demand forecasting. Moreover, the proposed scheduling algorithm reduces the total grid energy cost by 12.13%.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6656scheduling optimizationHESSPV powerload demandRNNLSTM |
| spellingShingle | Gülsah Erdogan Wiem Fekih Hassen Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations Energies scheduling optimization HESS PV power load demand RNN LSTM |
| title | Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations |
| title_full | Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations |
| title_fullStr | Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations |
| title_short | Charging Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for EV Charging Stations |
| title_sort | charging scheduling of hybrid energy storage systems for ev charging stations |
| topic | scheduling optimization HESS PV power load demand RNN LSTM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6656 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gulsaherdogan chargingschedulingofhybridenergystoragesystemsforevchargingstations AT wiemfekihhassen chargingschedulingofhybridenergystoragesystemsforevchargingstations |