Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Abstract Background Malnutrition negatively impacts on health, quality of life and disease outcomes in older adults. The reported factors associated with, and determinants of malnutrition, are inconsistent between studies. These factors may vary according to differences in rate of ageing. This revie...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02583-2 |
| _version_ | 1818401579064098816 |
|---|---|
| author | Laura A. Bardon Clare A. Corish Meabh Lane Maria Gabriella Bizzaro Katherine Loayza Villarroel Michelle Clarke Lauren C. Power Eileen R. Gibney Patricia Dominguez Castro |
| author_facet | Laura A. Bardon Clare A. Corish Meabh Lane Maria Gabriella Bizzaro Katherine Loayza Villarroel Michelle Clarke Lauren C. Power Eileen R. Gibney Patricia Dominguez Castro |
| author_sort | Laura A. Bardon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Malnutrition negatively impacts on health, quality of life and disease outcomes in older adults. The reported factors associated with, and determinants of malnutrition, are inconsistent between studies. These factors may vary according to differences in rate of ageing. This review critically examines the evidence for the most frequently reported sociodemographic factors and determinants of malnutrition and identifies differences according to rates of ageing. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed Central and Embase databases was conducted in April 2019 to identify papers on ageing and poor nutritional status. Numerous factors were identified, including factors from demographic, food intake, lifestyle, social, physical functioning, psychological and disease-related domains. Where possible, community-dwelling populations assessed within the included studies (N = 68) were categorised according to their ageing rate: ‘successful’, ‘usual’ or ‘accelerated’. Results Low education level and unmarried status appear to be more frequently associated with malnutrition within the successful ageing category. Indicators of declining mobility and function are associated with malnutrition and increase in severity across the ageing categories. Falls and hospitalisation are associated with malnutrition irrespective of rate of ageing. Factors associated with malnutrition from the food intake, social and disease-related domains increase in severity in the accelerated ageing category. Having a cognitive impairment appears to be a determinant of malnutrition in successfully ageing populations whilst dementia is reported to be associated with malnutrition within usual and accelerated ageing populations. Conclusions This review summarises the factors associated with malnutrition and malnutrition risk reported in community-dwelling older adults focusing on differences identified according to rate of ageing. As the rate of ageing speeds up, an increasing number of factors are reported within the food intake, social and disease-related domains; these factors increase in severity in the accelerated ageing category. Knowledge of the specific factors and determinants associated with malnutrition according to older adults’ ageing rate could contribute to the identification and prevention of malnutrition. As most studies included in this review were cross-sectional, longitudinal studies and meta-analyses comprehensively assessing potential contributory factors are required to establish the true determinants of malnutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:54:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a38dff5a673549e1a17cd54e44afa28e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:54:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a38dff5a673549e1a17cd54e44afa28e2022-12-21T23:10:35ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182021-12-0121113910.1186/s12877-021-02583-2Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesisLaura A. Bardon0Clare A. Corish1Meabh Lane2Maria Gabriella Bizzaro3Katherine Loayza Villarroel4Michelle Clarke5Lauren C. Power6Eileen R. Gibney7Patricia Dominguez Castro8School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College DublinInstitute of Food and Health, University College DublinSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College DublinSchool of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College DublinSchool of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College DublinSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College DublinInstitute of Food and Health, University College DublinSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College DublinInstitute of Food and Health, University College DublinAbstract Background Malnutrition negatively impacts on health, quality of life and disease outcomes in older adults. The reported factors associated with, and determinants of malnutrition, are inconsistent between studies. These factors may vary according to differences in rate of ageing. This review critically examines the evidence for the most frequently reported sociodemographic factors and determinants of malnutrition and identifies differences according to rates of ageing. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed Central and Embase databases was conducted in April 2019 to identify papers on ageing and poor nutritional status. Numerous factors were identified, including factors from demographic, food intake, lifestyle, social, physical functioning, psychological and disease-related domains. Where possible, community-dwelling populations assessed within the included studies (N = 68) were categorised according to their ageing rate: ‘successful’, ‘usual’ or ‘accelerated’. Results Low education level and unmarried status appear to be more frequently associated with malnutrition within the successful ageing category. Indicators of declining mobility and function are associated with malnutrition and increase in severity across the ageing categories. Falls and hospitalisation are associated with malnutrition irrespective of rate of ageing. Factors associated with malnutrition from the food intake, social and disease-related domains increase in severity in the accelerated ageing category. Having a cognitive impairment appears to be a determinant of malnutrition in successfully ageing populations whilst dementia is reported to be associated with malnutrition within usual and accelerated ageing populations. Conclusions This review summarises the factors associated with malnutrition and malnutrition risk reported in community-dwelling older adults focusing on differences identified according to rate of ageing. As the rate of ageing speeds up, an increasing number of factors are reported within the food intake, social and disease-related domains; these factors increase in severity in the accelerated ageing category. Knowledge of the specific factors and determinants associated with malnutrition according to older adults’ ageing rate could contribute to the identification and prevention of malnutrition. As most studies included in this review were cross-sectional, longitudinal studies and meta-analyses comprehensively assessing potential contributory factors are required to establish the true determinants of malnutrition.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02583-2UndernutritionOlder adultsDeterminantsMalnutrition |
| spellingShingle | Laura A. Bardon Clare A. Corish Meabh Lane Maria Gabriella Bizzaro Katherine Loayza Villarroel Michelle Clarke Lauren C. Power Eileen R. Gibney Patricia Dominguez Castro Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis BMC Geriatrics Undernutrition Older adults Determinants Malnutrition |
| title | Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| title_full | Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| title_short | Ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with, and the determinants of malnutrition in the community: a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| title_sort | ageing rate of older adults affects the factors associated with and the determinants of malnutrition in the community a systematic review and narrative synthesis |
| topic | Undernutrition Older adults Determinants Malnutrition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02583-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lauraabardon ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT clareacorish ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT meabhlane ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT mariagabriellabizzaro ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT katherineloayzavillarroel ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT michelleclarke ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT laurencpower ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT eileenrgibney ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis AT patriciadominguezcastro ageingrateofolderadultsaffectsthefactorsassociatedwithandthedeterminantsofmalnutritioninthecommunityasystematicreviewandnarrativesynthesis |