Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution
Developing an ideal and cheap adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solution has been urgently need. In this study, a novel, effective and low-cost method was developed to prepare the biochar from lettuce waste with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> as an acidic activat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/269 |
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| author | Quyun Chen Tian C. Zhang Like Ouyang Shaojun Yuan |
| author_facet | Quyun Chen Tian C. Zhang Like Ouyang Shaojun Yuan |
| author_sort | Quyun Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Developing an ideal and cheap adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solution has been urgently need. In this study, a novel, effective and low-cost method was developed to prepare the biochar from lettuce waste with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> as an acidic activation agent at a low-temperature (circa 200 °C) hydrothermal carbonization process. A batch adsorption experiment demonstrated that the biochar reaches the adsorption equilibrium within 30 min, and the optimal adsorption capacity of Cd(II) is 195.8 mg∙g<sup>−1</sup> at solution pH 6.0, which is significantly improved from circa 20.5 mg∙g<sup>−1</sup> of the original biochar without activator. The fitting results of the prepared biochar adsorption data conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSO) and the Sips isotherm model, and the Cd(II) adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The hypothetical adsorption mechanism is mainly composed of ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and surface complexation. This work offers a novel and low-temperature strategy to produce cheap and promising carbon-based adsorbents from organic vegetation wastes for removing heavy metals in aquatic environment efficiently. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a3915fc8bfdd42618e7942319a5ecc27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3915fc8bfdd42618e7942319a5ecc272023-11-23T11:59:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-01-0127126910.3390/molecules27010269Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous SolutionQuyun Chen0Tian C. Zhang1Like Ouyang2Shaojun Yuan3Low-Carbon Technology & Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab, College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaCivil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, USALow-Carbon Technology & Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab, College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaLow-Carbon Technology & Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab, College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaDeveloping an ideal and cheap adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metals from aqueous solution has been urgently need. In this study, a novel, effective and low-cost method was developed to prepare the biochar from lettuce waste with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> as an acidic activation agent at a low-temperature (circa 200 °C) hydrothermal carbonization process. A batch adsorption experiment demonstrated that the biochar reaches the adsorption equilibrium within 30 min, and the optimal adsorption capacity of Cd(II) is 195.8 mg∙g<sup>−1</sup> at solution pH 6.0, which is significantly improved from circa 20.5 mg∙g<sup>−1</sup> of the original biochar without activator. The fitting results of the prepared biochar adsorption data conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSO) and the Sips isotherm model, and the Cd(II) adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The hypothetical adsorption mechanism is mainly composed of ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and surface complexation. This work offers a novel and low-temperature strategy to produce cheap and promising carbon-based adsorbents from organic vegetation wastes for removing heavy metals in aquatic environment efficiently.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/269biocharhydrothermal carbonizationH<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> activatoradsorption mechanismslettuce waste |
| spellingShingle | Quyun Chen Tian C. Zhang Like Ouyang Shaojun Yuan Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution Molecules biochar hydrothermal carbonization H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> activator adsorption mechanisms lettuce waste |
| title | Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution |
| title_full | Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution |
| title_fullStr | Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution |
| title_short | Single-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biochar from H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-Activated Lettuce Waste for Efficient Adsorption of Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution |
| title_sort | single step hydrothermal synthesis of biochar from h sub 3 sub po sub 4 sub activated lettuce waste for efficient adsorption of cd ii in aqueous solution |
| topic | biochar hydrothermal carbonization H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> activator adsorption mechanisms lettuce waste |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/269 |
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