Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy
Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an innovative therapeutic option for addressing certain recurrent or refractory hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T cells also cause the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to life-threatening cytokine release syndr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/10/3/41 |
| _version_ | 1797489346148827136 |
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| author | Puri Ferreros Isabel Trapero |
| author_facet | Puri Ferreros Isabel Trapero |
| author_sort | Puri Ferreros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an innovative therapeutic option for addressing certain recurrent or refractory hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T cells also cause the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to life-threatening cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Objective: To study the efficacy of interleukin inhibitors in addressing cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity secondary to CAR-T therapy. Methodology: The authors conducted a bibliographic review in which 10 articles were analyzed. These included cut-off studies, case reports, and clinical trials involving 11 cancer centers and up to 475 patients over 18 years of age. Results: Tocilizumab is the only interleukin inhibitor approved to address CRS secondary to CAR-T therapy due to its efficacy and safety. Other inhibitors, such as siltuximab and anakinra, could be useful in combination with tocilizumab for preventing severe cytokine release and neurotoxicity. In addition, the new specific inhibitors could be effective in mitigating CRS without affecting the cytotoxic efficacy of CAR-T therapy. Conclusion: More lines of research should be opened to elucidate the true implications of these drugs in treating the side effects of CAR-T therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:16:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a3a8058f803745f3b867002aa93af316 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9721 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:16:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3a8058f803745f3b867002aa93af3162023-11-23T15:51:33ZengMDPI AGDiseases2079-97212022-07-011034110.3390/diseases10030041Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T TherapyPuri Ferreros0Isabel Trapero1Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainNursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, SpainIntroduction: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an innovative therapeutic option for addressing certain recurrent or refractory hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T cells also cause the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to life-threatening cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Objective: To study the efficacy of interleukin inhibitors in addressing cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity secondary to CAR-T therapy. Methodology: The authors conducted a bibliographic review in which 10 articles were analyzed. These included cut-off studies, case reports, and clinical trials involving 11 cancer centers and up to 475 patients over 18 years of age. Results: Tocilizumab is the only interleukin inhibitor approved to address CRS secondary to CAR-T therapy due to its efficacy and safety. Other inhibitors, such as siltuximab and anakinra, could be useful in combination with tocilizumab for preventing severe cytokine release and neurotoxicity. In addition, the new specific inhibitors could be effective in mitigating CRS without affecting the cytotoxic efficacy of CAR-T therapy. Conclusion: More lines of research should be opened to elucidate the true implications of these drugs in treating the side effects of CAR-T therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/10/3/41CAR-T cellscytokine release syndromeneurotoxicityinterleukin inhibitors |
| spellingShingle | Puri Ferreros Isabel Trapero Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy Diseases CAR-T cells cytokine release syndrome neurotoxicity interleukin inhibitors |
| title | Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy |
| title_full | Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy |
| title_short | Interleukin Inhibitors in Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity Secondary to CAR-T Therapy |
| title_sort | interleukin inhibitors in cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity secondary to car t therapy |
| topic | CAR-T cells cytokine release syndrome neurotoxicity interleukin inhibitors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/10/3/41 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT puriferreros interleukininhibitorsincytokinereleasesyndromeandneurotoxicitysecondarytocarttherapy AT isabeltrapero interleukininhibitorsincytokinereleasesyndromeandneurotoxicitysecondarytocarttherapy |