Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading.
Staphylococcus aureus produces phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), which are amphipathic small peptides with lytic activity against mammalian cells. We previously reported that PSMα1-4 stimulate S. aureus colony spreading, the phenomenon of S. aureus colony expansion on the surface of soft agar plates,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2016-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5056675?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819326983522222080 |
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| author | Hayato Kizaki Yosuke Omae Fumiaki Tabuchi Yuki Saito Kazuhisa Sekimizu Chikara Kaito |
| author_facet | Hayato Kizaki Yosuke Omae Fumiaki Tabuchi Yuki Saito Kazuhisa Sekimizu Chikara Kaito |
| author_sort | Hayato Kizaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Staphylococcus aureus produces phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), which are amphipathic small peptides with lytic activity against mammalian cells. We previously reported that PSMα1-4 stimulate S. aureus colony spreading, the phenomenon of S. aureus colony expansion on the surface of soft agar plates, whereas δ-toxin (Hld, PSMγ) inhibits colony-spreading activity. In this study, we revealed the underlying mechanism of the opposing effects of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin in S. aureus colony spreading. PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin are abundant on the S. aureus cell surface, and account for 18% and 8.5% of the total amount of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin, respectively, in S. aureus overnight cultures. Knockout of PSMα1-4 did not affect the amount of cell surface δ-toxin. In contrast, knockout of δ-toxin increased the amount of cell surface PSMα1-4, and decreased the amount of culture supernatant PSMα1-4. The δ-toxin inhibited PSMα3 and PSMα2 binding to the S. aureus cell surface in vitro. A double knockout strain of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin exhibited decreased colony spreading compared with the parent strain. Expression of cell surface PSMα1-4, but not culture supernatant PSMα1-4, restored the colony-spreading activity of the PSMα1-4/δ-toxin double knockout strain. Expression of δ-toxin on the cell surface or in the culture supernatant did not restore the colony-spreading activity of the PSMα1-4/δ-toxin double knockout strain. These findings suggest that cell surface PSMα1-4 promote S. aureus colony spreading, whereas δ-toxin suppresses colony-spreading activity by inhibiting PSMα1-4 binding to the S. aureus cell surface. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T13:03:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a3b55c9ba9f747fe8b3f57d592cb8f71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T13:03:37Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3b55c9ba9f747fe8b3f57d592cb8f712022-12-21T16:54:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-011110e016452310.1371/journal.pone.0164523Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading.Hayato KizakiYosuke OmaeFumiaki TabuchiYuki SaitoKazuhisa SekimizuChikara KaitoStaphylococcus aureus produces phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), which are amphipathic small peptides with lytic activity against mammalian cells. We previously reported that PSMα1-4 stimulate S. aureus colony spreading, the phenomenon of S. aureus colony expansion on the surface of soft agar plates, whereas δ-toxin (Hld, PSMγ) inhibits colony-spreading activity. In this study, we revealed the underlying mechanism of the opposing effects of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin in S. aureus colony spreading. PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin are abundant on the S. aureus cell surface, and account for 18% and 8.5% of the total amount of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin, respectively, in S. aureus overnight cultures. Knockout of PSMα1-4 did not affect the amount of cell surface δ-toxin. In contrast, knockout of δ-toxin increased the amount of cell surface PSMα1-4, and decreased the amount of culture supernatant PSMα1-4. The δ-toxin inhibited PSMα3 and PSMα2 binding to the S. aureus cell surface in vitro. A double knockout strain of PSMα1-4 and δ-toxin exhibited decreased colony spreading compared with the parent strain. Expression of cell surface PSMα1-4, but not culture supernatant PSMα1-4, restored the colony-spreading activity of the PSMα1-4/δ-toxin double knockout strain. Expression of δ-toxin on the cell surface or in the culture supernatant did not restore the colony-spreading activity of the PSMα1-4/δ-toxin double knockout strain. These findings suggest that cell surface PSMα1-4 promote S. aureus colony spreading, whereas δ-toxin suppresses colony-spreading activity by inhibiting PSMα1-4 binding to the S. aureus cell surface.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5056675?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Hayato Kizaki Yosuke Omae Fumiaki Tabuchi Yuki Saito Kazuhisa Sekimizu Chikara Kaito Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. PLoS ONE |
| title | Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. |
| title_full | Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. |
| title_fullStr | Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. |
| title_short | Cell-Surface Phenol Soluble Modulins Regulate Staphylococcus aureus Colony Spreading. |
| title_sort | cell surface phenol soluble modulins regulate staphylococcus aureus colony spreading |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5056675?pdf=render |
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