Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition

Investigations using noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have provided significant insights into the unique functional organization and profound importance of the human default mode network (DMN), yet these methods are limited in their ability to resolve network dynamics across...

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Main Authors: Anup Das, Carlo de los Angeles, Vinod Menon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-04-01
Series:NeuroImage
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811922000568
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author Anup Das
Carlo de los Angeles
Vinod Menon
author_facet Anup Das
Carlo de los Angeles
Vinod Menon
author_sort Anup Das
collection DOAJ
description Investigations using noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have provided significant insights into the unique functional organization and profound importance of the human default mode network (DMN), yet these methods are limited in their ability to resolve network dynamics across multiple timescales. Electrophysiological techniques are critical to address these challenges, yet few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of the DMN. Here we investigate the electrophysiological organization of the DMN in a common large-scale network framework consistent with prior fMRI studies. We used intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings, and evaluated intra- and cross-network interactions during resting-state and its modulation during a cognitive task involving episodic memory formation. Our analysis revealed significantly greater intra-DMN phase iEEG synchronization in the slow-wave (< 4 Hz), while DMN interactions with other brain networks was higher in the beta (12–30 Hz) and gamma (30–80 Hz) bands. Crucially, slow-wave intra-DMN synchronization was observed in the task-free resting-state and during both verbal memory encoding and recall. Compared to resting-state, slow-wave intra-DMN phase synchronization was significantly higher during both memory encoding and recall. Slow-wave intra-DMN phase synchronization increased during successful memory retrieval, highlighting its behavioral relevance. Finally, analysis of nonlinear dynamic causal interactions revealed that the DMN is a causal outflow network during both memory encoding and recall. Our findings identify frequency specific neurophysiological signatures of the DMN which allow it to maintain stability and flexibility, intrinsically and during task-based cognition, provide novel insights into the electrophysiological foundations of the human DMN, and elucidate network mechanisms by which it supports cognition.
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spelling doaj.art-a3c4abc14a4b4660aeaec8306e8ccc1f2022-12-21T16:54:09ZengElsevierNeuroImage1095-95722022-04-01250118927Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognitionAnup Das0Carlo de los Angeles1Vinod Menon2Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; Corresponding author.Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USADepartment of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; Department of Neurology &amp; Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA; Corresponding author.Investigations using noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have provided significant insights into the unique functional organization and profound importance of the human default mode network (DMN), yet these methods are limited in their ability to resolve network dynamics across multiple timescales. Electrophysiological techniques are critical to address these challenges, yet few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of the DMN. Here we investigate the electrophysiological organization of the DMN in a common large-scale network framework consistent with prior fMRI studies. We used intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings, and evaluated intra- and cross-network interactions during resting-state and its modulation during a cognitive task involving episodic memory formation. Our analysis revealed significantly greater intra-DMN phase iEEG synchronization in the slow-wave (< 4 Hz), while DMN interactions with other brain networks was higher in the beta (12–30 Hz) and gamma (30–80 Hz) bands. Crucially, slow-wave intra-DMN synchronization was observed in the task-free resting-state and during both verbal memory encoding and recall. Compared to resting-state, slow-wave intra-DMN phase synchronization was significantly higher during both memory encoding and recall. Slow-wave intra-DMN phase synchronization increased during successful memory retrieval, highlighting its behavioral relevance. Finally, analysis of nonlinear dynamic causal interactions revealed that the DMN is a causal outflow network during both memory encoding and recall. Our findings identify frequency specific neurophysiological signatures of the DMN which allow it to maintain stability and flexibility, intrinsically and during task-based cognition, provide novel insights into the electrophysiological foundations of the human DMN, and elucidate network mechanisms by which it supports cognition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811922000568
spellingShingle Anup Das
Carlo de los Angeles
Vinod Menon
Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
NeuroImage
title Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
title_full Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
title_fullStr Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
title_full_unstemmed Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
title_short Electrophysiological foundations of the human default-mode network revealed by intracranial-EEG recordings during resting-state and cognition
title_sort electrophysiological foundations of the human default mode network revealed by intracranial eeg recordings during resting state and cognition
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811922000568
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