Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan)
Xishuangbanna (XIS) cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan), is a botanical variety of cucumber cultivars native to southwest China that possesses excellent agronomic traits for cucumber improvement. However, breeding utilization of XIS cu...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| author | Zhen Tian Molly Jahn Xiaodong Qin Hesbon Ochieng Obel Fan Yang Ji Li Jinfeng Chen |
| author_facet | Zhen Tian Molly Jahn Xiaodong Qin Hesbon Ochieng Obel Fan Yang Ji Li Jinfeng Chen |
| author_sort | Zhen Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xishuangbanna (XIS) cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan), is a botanical variety of cucumber cultivars native to southwest China that possesses excellent agronomic traits for cucumber improvement. However, breeding utilization of XIS cucumber is limited due to the current poor understanding of its photoperiod-sensitive flowering characteristics. In this study, genetic and transcriptomic analysis were conducted to reveal the molecular basis of photoperiod-regulated flowering in XIS cucumber. A major-effect QTL locus <i>DFF1.1</i> was identified that controls the days to first flowering (DFF) of XIS cucumbers with a span of 1.38 Mb. Whole-genome re-sequencing data of 9 cucumber varieties with different flowering characteristics in response to photoperiod suggested that <i>CsaNFYA1</i> was the candidate gene of <i>DFF1.1</i>, which harbored a single non-synonymous mutation in its fifth exon. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the positive roles of auxin and ethylene in accelerating flowering under short-day (SD) light-dark cycles when compared with equal-day/night treatment. Carbohydrate storage and high expression levels of related genes were important reasons explaining early flowering of XIS cucumber under SD conditions. By combining with the RNA-Seq data, the co-expression network suggested that <i>CsaNFYA1</i> integrated multiple types of genes to regulate the flowering of XIS cucumber. Our findings explain the internal regulatory mechanisms of a photoperiodic flowering pathway. These findings may guide the use of photoperiod shifts to promote flowering of photoperiod-sensitive crops. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:38:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3d0ac9493904ca8bd6c61340a1057482023-11-22T03:51:04ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-07-01127106410.3390/genes12071064Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan)Zhen Tian0Molly Jahn1Xiaodong Qin2Hesbon Ochieng Obel3Fan Yang4Ji Li5Jinfeng Chen6State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaJahn Research Group, USDA/FPL, Madison, WI 53726, USAState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaXishuangbanna (XIS) cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan), is a botanical variety of cucumber cultivars native to southwest China that possesses excellent agronomic traits for cucumber improvement. However, breeding utilization of XIS cucumber is limited due to the current poor understanding of its photoperiod-sensitive flowering characteristics. In this study, genetic and transcriptomic analysis were conducted to reveal the molecular basis of photoperiod-regulated flowering in XIS cucumber. A major-effect QTL locus <i>DFF1.1</i> was identified that controls the days to first flowering (DFF) of XIS cucumbers with a span of 1.38 Mb. Whole-genome re-sequencing data of 9 cucumber varieties with different flowering characteristics in response to photoperiod suggested that <i>CsaNFYA1</i> was the candidate gene of <i>DFF1.1</i>, which harbored a single non-synonymous mutation in its fifth exon. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the positive roles of auxin and ethylene in accelerating flowering under short-day (SD) light-dark cycles when compared with equal-day/night treatment. Carbohydrate storage and high expression levels of related genes were important reasons explaining early flowering of XIS cucumber under SD conditions. By combining with the RNA-Seq data, the co-expression network suggested that <i>CsaNFYA1</i> integrated multiple types of genes to regulate the flowering of XIS cucumber. Our findings explain the internal regulatory mechanisms of a photoperiodic flowering pathway. These findings may guide the use of photoperiod shifts to promote flowering of photoperiod-sensitive crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/7/1064photoperiodic flowering processgenetic mappingtranscriptomic analysisXishuangbanna cucumber |
| spellingShingle | Zhen Tian Molly Jahn Xiaodong Qin Hesbon Ochieng Obel Fan Yang Ji Li Jinfeng Chen Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) Genes photoperiodic flowering process genetic mapping transcriptomic analysis Xishuangbanna cucumber |
| title | Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) |
| title_full | Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) |
| title_fullStr | Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) |
| title_short | Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Molecular Basis of Photoperiod-Regulated Flowering in Xishuangbanna Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. var. <i>xishuangbannesis</i> Qi et Yuan) |
| title_sort | genetic and transcriptomic analysis reveal the molecular basis of photoperiod regulated flowering in xishuangbanna cucumber i cucumis sativus i l var i xishuangbannesis i qi et yuan |
| topic | photoperiodic flowering process genetic mapping transcriptomic analysis Xishuangbanna cucumber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/7/1064 |
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