Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile
Oats are known for their nutritional value and also for their beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease; they are an important export product for Chile. During the last decade (2010-2022) over 90% of the oat cultivated area...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1298591/full |
| _version_ | 1797384294574850048 |
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| author | Mónica Mathias-Ramwell Valentina Pavez Marco Meneses Feledino Fernández Adriana Valdés Iris Lobos Mariela Silva Rodolfo Saldaña Patricio Hinrichsen |
| author_facet | Mónica Mathias-Ramwell Valentina Pavez Marco Meneses Feledino Fernández Adriana Valdés Iris Lobos Mariela Silva Rodolfo Saldaña Patricio Hinrichsen |
| author_sort | Mónica Mathias-Ramwell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oats are known for their nutritional value and also for their beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease; they are an important export product for Chile. During the last decade (2010-2022) over 90% of the oat cultivated area in Chile has been covered with Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova INIA. This lack of genetic diversity in a context of climate change could limit the long-term possibility of growing oats in Chile. The present study is a phenotypic and genetic analysis of 132 oat cultivars and pure lines of diverse origin that can be considered as potential breeding material. The germplasm was evaluated for 28 traits and analyzed with 14 SSR markers. The effects of genotypes on phenotype were significant over all traits (P ≤ 0.05). Most traits exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability with exceptions such as yield (H2 = 0.27) and hulls staining (H2 = 0.32). Significant undesirable correlations between traits were generally of small biological importance, which is auspicious for achieving breeding objectives. Some of the heritability data and correlations provided here have not been previously reported. The overall phenotypic diversity was high (H’ = 0.68 ± 0.18). The germplasm was grouped into three phenotypic clusters, differing in their qualities for breeding. Twenty-six genotypes outperforming Supernova INIA were identified for breeding of conventional food-oats. The genetic diversity of the germplasm was moderate on average (He = 0.58 ± 0.03), varying between 0.32 (AM22) and 0.77 (AME178). Two genetic subpopulations supported by the Structure algorithm exhibited a genetic distance of 0.24, showing low divergence of the germplasm. The diversity and phenotypic values found in this collection of oat genotypes are promising with respect to obtaining genetic gain in the short term in breeding programs. However, the similar genetic diversity, higher phenotypic diversity, and better phenotypic performance of the germplasm created in Chile compared to foreign germplasm suggest that germplasm harboring new genetic diversity will be key to favor yield and quality in new oat cultivars in the long term. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:33:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a3e08786da734886a1c79234fdcdd954 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:33:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3e08786da734886a1c79234fdcdd9542023-12-21T04:45:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-12-011410.3389/fpls.2023.12985911298591Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in ChileMónica Mathias-Ramwell0Valentina Pavez1Marco Meneses2Feledino Fernández3Adriana Valdés4Iris Lobos5Mariela Silva6Rodolfo Saldaña7Patricio Hinrichsen8Programa de mejoramiento genético de avena, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca, Temuco, ChileLaboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, ChileLaboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, ChilePrograma de mejoramiento genético de avena, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Carillanca, Temuco, ChileFacultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, ChileLaboratorio de Espectroscopía Infrarrojo Cercano, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, ChileLaboratorio de Espectroscopía Infrarrojo Cercano, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, ChileLaboratorio de Nutrición Animal y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación Remehue, Osorno, ChileLaboratorio de Análisis Genético, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, ChileOats are known for their nutritional value and also for their beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels and risk of coronary heart disease; they are an important export product for Chile. During the last decade (2010-2022) over 90% of the oat cultivated area in Chile has been covered with Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova INIA. This lack of genetic diversity in a context of climate change could limit the long-term possibility of growing oats in Chile. The present study is a phenotypic and genetic analysis of 132 oat cultivars and pure lines of diverse origin that can be considered as potential breeding material. The germplasm was evaluated for 28 traits and analyzed with 14 SSR markers. The effects of genotypes on phenotype were significant over all traits (P ≤ 0.05). Most traits exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability with exceptions such as yield (H2 = 0.27) and hulls staining (H2 = 0.32). Significant undesirable correlations between traits were generally of small biological importance, which is auspicious for achieving breeding objectives. Some of the heritability data and correlations provided here have not been previously reported. The overall phenotypic diversity was high (H’ = 0.68 ± 0.18). The germplasm was grouped into three phenotypic clusters, differing in their qualities for breeding. Twenty-six genotypes outperforming Supernova INIA were identified for breeding of conventional food-oats. The genetic diversity of the germplasm was moderate on average (He = 0.58 ± 0.03), varying between 0.32 (AM22) and 0.77 (AME178). Two genetic subpopulations supported by the Structure algorithm exhibited a genetic distance of 0.24, showing low divergence of the germplasm. The diversity and phenotypic values found in this collection of oat genotypes are promising with respect to obtaining genetic gain in the short term in breeding programs. However, the similar genetic diversity, higher phenotypic diversity, and better phenotypic performance of the germplasm created in Chile compared to foreign germplasm suggest that germplasm harboring new genetic diversity will be key to favor yield and quality in new oat cultivars in the long term.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1298591/fulloat breedinggenetic diversityphenotypic diversityheritabilitySSRs |
| spellingShingle | Mónica Mathias-Ramwell Valentina Pavez Marco Meneses Feledino Fernández Adriana Valdés Iris Lobos Mariela Silva Rodolfo Saldaña Patricio Hinrichsen Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile Frontiers in Plant Science oat breeding genetic diversity phenotypic diversity heritability SSRs |
| title | Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile |
| title_full | Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile |
| title_short | Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile |
| title_sort | phenotypic and genetic characterization of an avena sativa l germplasm collection of diverse origin implications for food oat breeding in chile |
| topic | oat breeding genetic diversity phenotypic diversity heritability SSRs |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1298591/full |
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