Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme
The filamentous fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i> is known as a hyperparasite of plant pathogenic fungi; hence, it has been studied as a possible agent for plant protection. Chitinases secreted by <i>A. album</i> have proven to be essential for its fungicidal activity. Howeve...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| author | Claudia Leoni Caterina Manzari Matteo Chiara Pasqua Veronico Giovanni Luigi Bruno Graziano Pesole Luigi R. Ceci Mariateresa Volpicella |
| author_facet | Claudia Leoni Caterina Manzari Matteo Chiara Pasqua Veronico Giovanni Luigi Bruno Graziano Pesole Luigi R. Ceci Mariateresa Volpicella |
| author_sort | Claudia Leoni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The filamentous fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i> is known as a hyperparasite of plant pathogenic fungi; hence, it has been studied as a possible agent for plant protection. Chitinases secreted by <i>A. album</i> have proven to be essential for its fungicidal activity. However, no complete analysis of the <i>A. album</i> chitinase assortment has been carried out, nor have any of its chitinases been characterized yet. In this study, we report the first draft assembly of the genome sequence of <i>A. album</i> (strain MX-95). The in silico functional annotation of the genome allowed the identification of 46 genes encoding chitinolytic enzymes of the GH18 (26 genes), GH20 (8 genes), GH75 (8 genes), and GH3 (4 genes) families. The encoded proteins were investigated by comparative and phylogenetic analysis, allowing clustering in different subgroups. <i>A. album</i> chitinases were also characterized according to the presence of different functional protein domains (carbohydrate-binding modules and catalytic domains) providing the first complete description of the chitinase repertoire of <i>A. album</i>. A single chitinase gene was then selected for complete functional characterization. The encoded protein was expressed in the yeast <i>Pichia pastoris</i>, and its activity was assayed under different conditions of temperature and pH and with different substrates. It was found that the enzyme acts mainly as a chitobiosidase, with higher activity in the 37–50 °C range. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:28:39Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:28:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3f297fe1e7d4bc3975ef113c466e4b12023-11-18T02:35:39ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-05-01115135710.3390/microorganisms11051357Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected EnzymeClaudia Leoni0Caterina Manzari1Matteo Chiara2Pasqua Veronico3Giovanni Luigi Bruno4Graziano Pesole5Luigi R. Ceci6Mariateresa Volpicella7Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Enviroment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, ItalyInstitute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Via G. Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Enviroment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, ItalyThe filamentous fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i> is known as a hyperparasite of plant pathogenic fungi; hence, it has been studied as a possible agent for plant protection. Chitinases secreted by <i>A. album</i> have proven to be essential for its fungicidal activity. However, no complete analysis of the <i>A. album</i> chitinase assortment has been carried out, nor have any of its chitinases been characterized yet. In this study, we report the first draft assembly of the genome sequence of <i>A. album</i> (strain MX-95). The in silico functional annotation of the genome allowed the identification of 46 genes encoding chitinolytic enzymes of the GH18 (26 genes), GH20 (8 genes), GH75 (8 genes), and GH3 (4 genes) families. The encoded proteins were investigated by comparative and phylogenetic analysis, allowing clustering in different subgroups. <i>A. album</i> chitinases were also characterized according to the presence of different functional protein domains (carbohydrate-binding modules and catalytic domains) providing the first complete description of the chitinase repertoire of <i>A. album</i>. A single chitinase gene was then selected for complete functional characterization. The encoded protein was expressed in the yeast <i>Pichia pastoris</i>, and its activity was assayed under different conditions of temperature and pH and with different substrates. It was found that the enzyme acts mainly as a chitobiosidase, with higher activity in the 37–50 °C range.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/5/1357<i>Aphanocladium album</i>genome sequencingmycoparasiteplant protectionchitinase |
| spellingShingle | Claudia Leoni Caterina Manzari Matteo Chiara Pasqua Veronico Giovanni Luigi Bruno Graziano Pesole Luigi R. Ceci Mariateresa Volpicella Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme Microorganisms <i>Aphanocladium album</i> genome sequencing mycoparasite plant protection chitinase |
| title | Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme |
| title_full | Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme |
| title_fullStr | Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme |
| title_short | Chitinolytic Enzymes of the Hyperparasite Fungus <i>Aphanocladium album</i>: Genome-Wide Survey and Characterization of A Selected Enzyme |
| title_sort | chitinolytic enzymes of the hyperparasite fungus i aphanocladium album i genome wide survey and characterization of a selected enzyme |
| topic | <i>Aphanocladium album</i> genome sequencing mycoparasite plant protection chitinase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/5/1357 |
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