Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice
Ashok Kumar Pandurangan,1,2 Nooshin Mohebali,2 Mohd Esa Norhaizan,1,3 Chung Yeng Looi2 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kual...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2015-07-01
|
| Series: | Drug Design, Development and Therapy |
| Online Access: | http://www.dovepress.com/gallic-acid-attenuates-dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced-experimental-col-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT |
| _version_ | 1817994353529847808 |
|---|---|
| author | Pandurangan AK Mohebali N Norhaizan ME Looi CY |
| author_facet | Pandurangan AK Mohebali N Norhaizan ME Looi CY |
| author_sort | Pandurangan AK |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ashok Kumar Pandurangan,1,2 Nooshin Mohebali,2 Mohd Esa Norhaizan,1,3 Chung Yeng Looi2 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaAbstract: Gallic acid (GA) is a polyhydroxy phenolic compound that has been detected in various natural products, such as green tea, strawberries, grapes, bananas, and many other fruits. In inflammatory bowel disease, inflammation is promoted by oxidative stress. GA is a strong antioxidant; thus, we evaluated the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory role of GA in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Experimental acute colitis was induced in male BALB/c mice by administering 2.5% DSS in the drinking water for 7 days. The disease activity index; colon weight/length ratio; histopathological analysis; mRNA expressions of IL-21 and IL-23; and protein expression of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were compared between the control and experimental mice. The colonic content of malondialdehyde and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity were examined as parameters of the redox state. We determined that GA significantly attenuated the disease activity index and colon shortening, and reduced the histopathological evidence of injury. GA also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the expressions of IL-21 and IL-23. Furthermore, GA activates/upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets, including UDP-GT and NQO1, in DSS-induced mice. The findings of this study demonstrate the protective effect of GA on experimental colitis, which is probably due to an antioxidant nature of GA.Keywords: IL-21, NQO1, MDA, enzymic antioxidants, Nrf2 |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:51:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a3f742e77d0840fbbaf47ee1d14bb4a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1177-8881 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:51:49Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Drug Design, Development and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-a3f742e77d0840fbbaf47ee1d14bb4a72022-12-22T02:19:20ZengDove Medical PressDrug Design, Development and Therapy1177-88812015-07-012015default3923393422847Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c micePandurangan AKMohebali NNorhaizan MELooi CYAshok Kumar Pandurangan,1,2 Nooshin Mohebali,2 Mohd Esa Norhaizan,1,3 Chung Yeng Looi2 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaAbstract: Gallic acid (GA) is a polyhydroxy phenolic compound that has been detected in various natural products, such as green tea, strawberries, grapes, bananas, and many other fruits. In inflammatory bowel disease, inflammation is promoted by oxidative stress. GA is a strong antioxidant; thus, we evaluated the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory role of GA in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model. Experimental acute colitis was induced in male BALB/c mice by administering 2.5% DSS in the drinking water for 7 days. The disease activity index; colon weight/length ratio; histopathological analysis; mRNA expressions of IL-21 and IL-23; and protein expression of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were compared between the control and experimental mice. The colonic content of malondialdehyde and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activity were examined as parameters of the redox state. We determined that GA significantly attenuated the disease activity index and colon shortening, and reduced the histopathological evidence of injury. GA also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the expressions of IL-21 and IL-23. Furthermore, GA activates/upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets, including UDP-GT and NQO1, in DSS-induced mice. The findings of this study demonstrate the protective effect of GA on experimental colitis, which is probably due to an antioxidant nature of GA.Keywords: IL-21, NQO1, MDA, enzymic antioxidants, Nrf2http://www.dovepress.com/gallic-acid-attenuates-dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced-experimental-col-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT |
| spellingShingle | Pandurangan AK Mohebali N Norhaizan ME Looi CY Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice Drug Design, Development and Therapy |
| title | Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice |
| title_full | Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice |
| title_fullStr | Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice |
| title_short | Gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice |
| title_sort | gallic acid attenuates dextran sulfate sodium induced experimental colitis in balb c mice |
| url | http://www.dovepress.com/gallic-acid-attenuates-dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced-experimental-col-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT panduranganak gallicacidattenuatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedexperimentalcolitisinbalbcmice AT mohebalin gallicacidattenuatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedexperimentalcolitisinbalbcmice AT norhaizanme gallicacidattenuatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedexperimentalcolitisinbalbcmice AT looicy gallicacidattenuatesdextransulfatesodiuminducedexperimentalcolitisinbalbcmice |