Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity
Abstract Background Brown adipocytes are known to promote energy expenditure and limit weight gain to combat obesity. Averrhoa bilimbi, locally called belimbing buluh (DBB), is mainly used as an ethnomedicine in the treatment of metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-019-2640-3 |
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| author | Wai Kwan Lau Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin Abdul Hadi Ariffin Muhd Zulkarnain Mahmud Mohd Hasnan Mohd Noor Azimah Amanah Mohamad Faiz Hamzah Zainuddin Zafarina |
| author_facet | Wai Kwan Lau Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin Abdul Hadi Ariffin Muhd Zulkarnain Mahmud Mohd Hasnan Mohd Noor Azimah Amanah Mohamad Faiz Hamzah Zainuddin Zafarina |
| author_sort | Wai Kwan Lau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Brown adipocytes are known to promote energy expenditure and limit weight gain to combat obesity. Averrhoa bilimbi, locally called belimbing buluh (DBB), is mainly used as an ethnomedicine in the treatment of metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity. The present study aims to investigate the browning activity on white adipocytes by A. bilimbi leaf extract and to evaluate the potential mechanisms. Methods Ethanolic leaf extract of A. bilimbi was exposed to Myf5 lineage precursor cells to stimulate adipocyte differentiation. Protein expressions of brown adipocyte markers were determined through high content screening analysis and validated through western blotting. Mito Stress Test assay was conducted to evaluate the cellular oxygen consumption rate upon A. bilimbi treatment. Results A. bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract exhibited an adipogenesis effect similar to a PPARgamma agonist. It also demonstrated brown adipocyte differentiation in myoblastic Myf5-positive precursor cells. Expression of UCP1 and PRDM16 were induced. The basal metabolic rate and respiratory capacity of mitochondria were increased upon A. bilimbi treatment. Conclusions The findings suggest that Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract induces adipocyte browning through PRDM16 activation and enhances mitochondria activity due to UCP1 up-regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:02:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a40861f98a514852be00c0ebaad620fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6882 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:02:59Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a40861f98a514852be00c0ebaad620fc2022-12-22T02:30:06ZengBMCBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine1472-68822019-09-0119111210.1186/s12906-019-2640-3Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesityWai Kwan Lau0Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin1Abdul Hadi Ariffin2Muhd Zulkarnain Mahmud3Mohd Hasnan Mohd Noor4Azimah Amanah5Mohamad Faiz Hamzah6Zainuddin Zafarina7Experimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsExperimental Therapeutics Centre, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals & NutraceuticalsAbstract Background Brown adipocytes are known to promote energy expenditure and limit weight gain to combat obesity. Averrhoa bilimbi, locally called belimbing buluh (DBB), is mainly used as an ethnomedicine in the treatment of metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity. The present study aims to investigate the browning activity on white adipocytes by A. bilimbi leaf extract and to evaluate the potential mechanisms. Methods Ethanolic leaf extract of A. bilimbi was exposed to Myf5 lineage precursor cells to stimulate adipocyte differentiation. Protein expressions of brown adipocyte markers were determined through high content screening analysis and validated through western blotting. Mito Stress Test assay was conducted to evaluate the cellular oxygen consumption rate upon A. bilimbi treatment. Results A. bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract exhibited an adipogenesis effect similar to a PPARgamma agonist. It also demonstrated brown adipocyte differentiation in myoblastic Myf5-positive precursor cells. Expression of UCP1 and PRDM16 were induced. The basal metabolic rate and respiratory capacity of mitochondria were increased upon A. bilimbi treatment. Conclusions The findings suggest that Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract induces adipocyte browning through PRDM16 activation and enhances mitochondria activity due to UCP1 up-regulation.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-019-2640-3Averrhoa bilimbiExtractObesityBrown adipocytesWhite adipocytes |
| spellingShingle | Wai Kwan Lau Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin Abdul Hadi Ariffin Muhd Zulkarnain Mahmud Mohd Hasnan Mohd Noor Azimah Amanah Mohamad Faiz Hamzah Zainuddin Zafarina Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Averrhoa bilimbi Extract Obesity Brown adipocytes White adipocytes |
| title | Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity |
| title_full | Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity |
| title_fullStr | Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity |
| title_short | Novel discovery of Averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet-induced obesity |
| title_sort | novel discovery of averrhoa bilimbi ethanolic leaf extract in the stimulation of brown fat differentiation program in combating diet induced obesity |
| topic | Averrhoa bilimbi Extract Obesity Brown adipocytes White adipocytes |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-019-2640-3 |
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