A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii
Characterizing the cyclic magnetic activity of stars that are close approximations of our Sun offers our best hope for understanding our Sun’s current and past magnetism, the space weather around solar-type stars, and more generally, the dynamos of other cool stars. The nearest current approximation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1a |
| _version_ | 1797629443712221184 |
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| author | J.-D. do Nascimento Jr. S. A. Barnes S. H. Saar G. F. Porto de Mello J. C. Hall F. Anthony L. de Almeida E. N. Velloso J. S. da Costa P. Petit A. Strugarek B. J. Wargelin M. Castro K. G. Strassmeier A. S. Brun |
| author_facet | J.-D. do Nascimento Jr. S. A. Barnes S. H. Saar G. F. Porto de Mello J. C. Hall F. Anthony L. de Almeida E. N. Velloso J. S. da Costa P. Petit A. Strugarek B. J. Wargelin M. Castro K. G. Strassmeier A. S. Brun |
| author_sort | J.-D. do Nascimento Jr. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Characterizing the cyclic magnetic activity of stars that are close approximations of our Sun offers our best hope for understanding our Sun’s current and past magnetism, the space weather around solar-type stars, and more generally, the dynamos of other cool stars. The nearest current approximation to the Sun is the solar twin 18 Scorpii, a naked-eye Sun-like star of spectral type G2 Va. However, while 18 Scorpii’s physical parameters closely match those of the Sun, its activity cycle is about 7 yr, and shorter than the solar cycle. We report the measurement of a periodicity of 15 yr that corresponds to a longer activity cycle for 18 Scorpii based on observations extending to the last three decades. The global magnetic geometry of 18 Scorpii changes with this 15 yr cycle and appears to be equivalent to the solar 22 yr magnetic polarity cycle. These results suggest that 18 Scorpii is also a magnetic proxy for a younger Sun, adding an important new datum for testing dynamo theory and magnetic evolution of low-mass stars. The results perturb our understanding of the relationship between cycle and rotation, constrain the Sun’s magnetism and the Sun–Earth connection over the past billion years, and suggest that solar Schwabe and Hale cycle periods have increased over that time span. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:54:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a40dd0cf2e10464b9ff5defe208215d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:54:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-a40dd0cf2e10464b9ff5defe208215d22023-11-13T12:27:11ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0195815710.3847/1538-4357/acfc1aA Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 ScorpiiJ.-D. do Nascimento Jr.0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7804-2145S. A. Barnes1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7152-5726S. H. Saar2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-8480G. F. Porto de Mello3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-1324J. C. Hall4F. Anthony5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1963-636XL. de Almeida6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-1147E. N. Velloso7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-5547J. S. da Costa8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9830-0495P. Petit9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-9222A. Strugarek10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-6463B. J. Wargelin11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-9586M. Castro12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1332-2477K. G. Strassmeier13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6192-6494A. S. Brun14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1729-8267Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; jdonascimento@cfa.harvard.edu; Dep. de Física, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN , Natal, RN, 59078-970, BrazilLeibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482, Potsdam, GermanyCenter for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; jdonascimento@cfa.harvard.eduObserv. do Valongo, Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro—UFRJ , Ladeira do Pedro Antonio 43, RJ, 20080-090, BrazilLowell Observatory , 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USADep. de Física, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN , Natal, RN, 59078-970, BrazilLaboratório Nacional de Astrofísica , Rua Estados Unidos 154, 37504-364, Itajubá—MG, BrazilDep. de Física, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN , Natal, RN, 59078-970, BrazilDep. de Física, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN , Natal, RN, 59078-970, BrazilInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Univ. de Toulouse , CNRS, CNES, F-31400, Toulouse, FranceDép. d’Astrop./AIM, CEA/IRFU, CNRS/INSU, Univ. Paris-Saclay & Univ. Cité de Paris , F-91191 G.sur-Yvette, FranceCenter for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; jdonascimento@cfa.harvard.eduDep. de Física, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN , Natal, RN, 59078-970, BrazilLeibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482, Potsdam, GermanyDép. d’Astrop./AIM, CEA/IRFU, CNRS/INSU, Univ. Paris-Saclay & Univ. Cité de Paris , F-91191 G.sur-Yvette, FranceCharacterizing the cyclic magnetic activity of stars that are close approximations of our Sun offers our best hope for understanding our Sun’s current and past magnetism, the space weather around solar-type stars, and more generally, the dynamos of other cool stars. The nearest current approximation to the Sun is the solar twin 18 Scorpii, a naked-eye Sun-like star of spectral type G2 Va. However, while 18 Scorpii’s physical parameters closely match those of the Sun, its activity cycle is about 7 yr, and shorter than the solar cycle. We report the measurement of a periodicity of 15 yr that corresponds to a longer activity cycle for 18 Scorpii based on observations extending to the last three decades. The global magnetic geometry of 18 Scorpii changes with this 15 yr cycle and appears to be equivalent to the solar 22 yr magnetic polarity cycle. These results suggest that 18 Scorpii is also a magnetic proxy for a younger Sun, adding an important new datum for testing dynamo theory and magnetic evolution of low-mass stars. The results perturb our understanding of the relationship between cycle and rotation, constrain the Sun’s magnetism and the Sun–Earth connection over the past billion years, and suggest that solar Schwabe and Hale cycle periods have increased over that time span.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1aSolar cycleStellar evolutionStellar magnetic fieldsSolar analogsSpectropolarimetry |
| spellingShingle | J.-D. do Nascimento Jr. S. A. Barnes S. H. Saar G. F. Porto de Mello J. C. Hall F. Anthony L. de Almeida E. N. Velloso J. S. da Costa P. Petit A. Strugarek B. J. Wargelin M. Castro K. G. Strassmeier A. S. Brun A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii The Astrophysical Journal Solar cycle Stellar evolution Stellar magnetic fields Solar analogs Spectropolarimetry |
| title | A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii |
| title_full | A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii |
| title_fullStr | A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii |
| title_short | A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii |
| title_sort | hale like cycle in the solar twin 18 scorpii |
| topic | Solar cycle Stellar evolution Stellar magnetic fields Solar analogs Spectropolarimetry |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1a |
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