Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model
Intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered an important modifiable risk factor for glaucoma, which is known as the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. However, lowering the IOP is not always sufficient to preserve vision due to other non-IOP-dependent mechanisms being involved. To improve out...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11375 |
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| author | Stefania Vernazza Mario Passalacqua Sara Tirendi Barbara Marengo Cinzia Domenicotti Diego Sbardella Francesco Oddone Anna Maria Bassi |
| author_facet | Stefania Vernazza Mario Passalacqua Sara Tirendi Barbara Marengo Cinzia Domenicotti Diego Sbardella Francesco Oddone Anna Maria Bassi |
| author_sort | Stefania Vernazza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered an important modifiable risk factor for glaucoma, which is known as the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. However, lowering the IOP is not always sufficient to preserve vision due to other non-IOP-dependent mechanisms being involved. To improve outcomes, adjunctive therapies with IOP-independent targets are required. To date, no studies have shown the effect of citicoline on the trabecular meshwork (TM), even though it is known to possess neuroprotective/enhancement properties and multifactorial mechanisms of action. Given that reactive oxygen species seem to be involved in glaucomatous cascade, in this present study, an advanced millifluidic in vitro model was used to evaluate if citicoline could exert a valid TM protection against oxidative stress. To this end, the cellular behavior, in terms of viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial state, senescence and pro-inflammatory cytokines, on 3D human TM cells, treated either with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> alone or cotreated with citicoline, was analyzed. Our preliminary in vitro results suggest a counteracting effect of citicoline eye drops against oxidative stress on TM cells, though further studies are necessary to explore citicoline’s potential as a TM-target therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:40:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a41143c43c1a44df8ef86d5fec794b49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:40:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a41143c43c1a44df8ef86d5fec794b492023-11-23T20:32:03ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-09-0123191137510.3390/ijms231911375Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma ModelStefania Vernazza0Mario Passalacqua1Sara Tirendi2Barbara Marengo3Cinzia Domenicotti4Diego Sbardella5Francesco Oddone6Anna Maria Bassi7Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyIRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, ItalyIRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyIntraocular pressure (IOP) is considered an important modifiable risk factor for glaucoma, which is known as the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. However, lowering the IOP is not always sufficient to preserve vision due to other non-IOP-dependent mechanisms being involved. To improve outcomes, adjunctive therapies with IOP-independent targets are required. To date, no studies have shown the effect of citicoline on the trabecular meshwork (TM), even though it is known to possess neuroprotective/enhancement properties and multifactorial mechanisms of action. Given that reactive oxygen species seem to be involved in glaucomatous cascade, in this present study, an advanced millifluidic in vitro model was used to evaluate if citicoline could exert a valid TM protection against oxidative stress. To this end, the cellular behavior, in terms of viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial state, senescence and pro-inflammatory cytokines, on 3D human TM cells, treated either with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> alone or cotreated with citicoline, was analyzed. Our preliminary in vitro results suggest a counteracting effect of citicoline eye drops against oxidative stress on TM cells, though further studies are necessary to explore citicoline’s potential as a TM-target therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11375trabecular meshworkciticoline eye dropsglaucoma3D advanced in vitro model |
| spellingShingle | Stefania Vernazza Mario Passalacqua Sara Tirendi Barbara Marengo Cinzia Domenicotti Diego Sbardella Francesco Oddone Anna Maria Bassi Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model International Journal of Molecular Sciences trabecular meshwork citicoline eye drops glaucoma 3D advanced in vitro model |
| title | Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model |
| title_full | Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model |
| title_fullStr | Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model |
| title_short | Citicoline Eye Drops Protect Trabecular Meshwork Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury in a 3D In Vitro Glaucoma Model |
| title_sort | citicoline eye drops protect trabecular meshwork cells from oxidative stress injury in a 3d in vitro glaucoma model |
| topic | trabecular meshwork citicoline eye drops glaucoma 3D advanced in vitro model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11375 |
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