| Summary: | Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different environmental temperatures and irrigation solution temperatures on the calcium hydroxide (CH) removal efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher from root canal irregularities.
Materials and Method: Eighty-three teeth were instrumented and split longitudinally. Two standard grooves (apical and coronal) were prepared, and the roots were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=15), a positive control group (n=4), and a negative control group (n=4). The grooves were filled with CH, the root halves were re-assembled; the canal space was also filled with CH, and the teeth were stored for 14 days. Fourteen days later, CH was removed using one of the following irrigation protocols, where environmental temperature for Groups 1-4 and Group 5 were 37 °C and 21 °C, respectively: Group 1: Conventional needle irrigation with NaOCl at 21 °C; Group 2: Conventional needle irrigation with NaOCl at 37 °C; Group 3: XP-Endo Finisher with NaOCl at 21 °C; Group 4: XP-Endo Finisher with NaOCl at 37 °C; Group 5: XP-Endo Finisher with NaOCl at 21 °C. The amount of the remaining CH after the removal was examined and scored by using a stereomicroscope. The statistical evaluation was performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests with Bonferroni-correction.
Results: Group 3 and 4 removed significantly more CH than the other groups in the apical region (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in the coronal region (p>0.05). The removal of CH was not affected by the temperature of the irrigation solution (p>0.05); but it was significantly affected by the environmental temperature (Group 3 versus Group 5; p<0.05) and the CH removal technique (Groups 3 and 4 versus Groups 1 and 2; p<0.05).
Conclusion: While the temperature of the NaOCl solution did not play a significant role in the CH removal efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher, greater environmental temperature increased its activity.
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