The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland
Particulate matter (PM) pollution has caused several environmental problems and damaged human health. To understand the different driving forces of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>, we investigated the spatial distribution of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10&...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/186 |
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| author | Chanchan Gao Min Liu |
| author_facet | Chanchan Gao Min Liu |
| author_sort | Chanchan Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Particulate matter (PM) pollution has caused several environmental problems and damaged human health. To understand the different driving forces of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>, we investigated the spatial distribution of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and the ratio of PM<sub>2.5</sub> to PM<sub>10</sub> (PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub>), and simulated how they respond to socioeconomic, natural conditions and pollutant transmission in 336 cities across Chinese mainland in 2017. The results indicated that 35.4% and 49.7% of cities in Chinese mainland satisfied the national level II standard for PM<sub>2.5</sub> (35 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) and PM<sub>10</sub> (70 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), respectively. The average PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> was 57.5 ± 9.4%, which is a relatively high value across the world. Global spatial regression results revealed that the transport of pollutants emitted from neighboring regions was the most important factor for local PM concentrations, while population density was the dominant local variable. The influence of socioeconomic factors and the neighboring pollution level on PM<sub>2.5</sub> was greater than that on PM<sub>10</sub>, while the effect of precipitation was greater on PM<sub>10</sub>. Cluster analysis revealed that 336 Chinese cities could be classified into three groups. The regions with a high PM concentration and a high level of social economy were included in Group 1 (G1). Group 2 (G2) was predominantly observed in southern China, while Group 3 (G3) was seen in western China. Furthermore, population density significantly affected the PM in G2 and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in G3, and PM levels in G1 and G3 had a sensitive response to the variation in precipitation, especially PM<sub>10</sub>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:21Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4322e08ba0c4f3ba451f2f8f98d30bf2023-11-30T21:10:39ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-01-0114118610.3390/atmos14010186The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese MainlandChanchan Gao0Min Liu1College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421000, ChinaShanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaParticulate matter (PM) pollution has caused several environmental problems and damaged human health. To understand the different driving forces of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>, we investigated the spatial distribution of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and the ratio of PM<sub>2.5</sub> to PM<sub>10</sub> (PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub>), and simulated how they respond to socioeconomic, natural conditions and pollutant transmission in 336 cities across Chinese mainland in 2017. The results indicated that 35.4% and 49.7% of cities in Chinese mainland satisfied the national level II standard for PM<sub>2.5</sub> (35 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) and PM<sub>10</sub> (70 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), respectively. The average PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> was 57.5 ± 9.4%, which is a relatively high value across the world. Global spatial regression results revealed that the transport of pollutants emitted from neighboring regions was the most important factor for local PM concentrations, while population density was the dominant local variable. The influence of socioeconomic factors and the neighboring pollution level on PM<sub>2.5</sub> was greater than that on PM<sub>10</sub>, while the effect of precipitation was greater on PM<sub>10</sub>. Cluster analysis revealed that 336 Chinese cities could be classified into three groups. The regions with a high PM concentration and a high level of social economy were included in Group 1 (G1). Group 2 (G2) was predominantly observed in southern China, while Group 3 (G3) was seen in western China. Furthermore, population density significantly affected the PM in G2 and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in G3, and PM levels in G1 and G3 had a sensitive response to the variation in precipitation, especially PM<sub>10</sub>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/186particulate matterPM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub>regional transportationChinese mainland |
| spellingShingle | Chanchan Gao Min Liu The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland Atmosphere particulate matter PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> regional transportation Chinese mainland |
| title | The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland |
| title_full | The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland |
| title_short | The Impact of Local Environment and Neighboring Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Particulate Matter in Chinese Mainland |
| title_sort | impact of local environment and neighboring pollution on the spatial variation of particulate matter in chinese mainland |
| topic | particulate matter PM<sub>2.5</sub>/PM<sub>10</sub> regional transportation Chinese mainland |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/1/186 |
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