Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Background and Objectives<i>:</i> Over the last years, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported on a high incidence in pediatric populations and has been associated with numerous extraintestinal manifestations, making its management a real challenge for the pediatric gastroente...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/56/9/425 |
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| author | Smaranda Diaconescu Silvia Strat Gheorghe G. Balan Carmen Anton Gabriela Stefanescu Ileana Ioniuc Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu |
| author_facet | Smaranda Diaconescu Silvia Strat Gheorghe G. Balan Carmen Anton Gabriela Stefanescu Ileana Ioniuc Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu |
| author_sort | Smaranda Diaconescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objectives<i>:</i> Over the last years, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported on a high incidence in pediatric populations and has been associated with numerous extraintestinal manifestations, making its management a real challenge for the pediatric gastroenterologist. Dermatological manifestations in IBD are either specific, related to the disease activity or treatment-associated, or non-specific. This literature review aims to identify and report the dermatological manifestations of IBD in children, the correlation between their appearance and the demographical characteristics, the relationship between these lesions and disease activity, and to highlight the impact of dermatological manifestations on an IBD treatment regime. Materials and Methods:<i> </i>A systemic literature review was performed, investigating articles and case reports on dermatological manifestations in children with IBD starting from 2005. A total of 159 potentially suitable articles were identified and after the exclusion process, 75 articles were selected. Results: The most common dermatological manifestations reported in pediatric IBD are erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum. More rare cases of metastatic Crohn’s disease, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, small-vessel vasculitis, necrotizing vasculitis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, and Sweet’s syndrome have been reported. Oral manifestations of IBD are divided into specific (tag-like lesions, mucogingivitis, lip swelling with vertical fissures, aphthous stomatitis, and pyostomatitis vegetans) and non-specific. IBD treatment may present with side effects involving the skin and mucosa. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents have been linked to opportunistic skin infections, psoriasiform lesions, and a potentially increased risk for skin cancer. Cutaneous manifestations such as acrodermatitis enteropathica, purpuric lesions, and angular cheilitis may appear secondary to malnutrition and/or malabsorption. Conclusions: The correct diagnosis of dermatological manifestations in pediatric IBD is of paramount importance because of their impact on disease activity, treatment options, and a patient’s psychological status. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:13:54Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:13:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-a438df39f5cb44d48abb211899a661a92023-09-02T02:29:21ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X2020-08-015642542510.3390/medicina56090425Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseSmaranda Diaconescu0Silvia Strat1Gheorghe G. Balan2Carmen Anton3Gabriela Stefanescu4Ileana Ioniuc5Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu6Department of Pediatrics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaClinical Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, “St. Mary” Emergency Children’s Hospital, 700309 Iasi, RomaniaGastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, RomaniaGastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, RomaniaGastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Pediatrics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaBackground and Objectives<i>:</i> Over the last years, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported on a high incidence in pediatric populations and has been associated with numerous extraintestinal manifestations, making its management a real challenge for the pediatric gastroenterologist. Dermatological manifestations in IBD are either specific, related to the disease activity or treatment-associated, or non-specific. This literature review aims to identify and report the dermatological manifestations of IBD in children, the correlation between their appearance and the demographical characteristics, the relationship between these lesions and disease activity, and to highlight the impact of dermatological manifestations on an IBD treatment regime. Materials and Methods:<i> </i>A systemic literature review was performed, investigating articles and case reports on dermatological manifestations in children with IBD starting from 2005. A total of 159 potentially suitable articles were identified and after the exclusion process, 75 articles were selected. Results: The most common dermatological manifestations reported in pediatric IBD are erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum. More rare cases of metastatic Crohn’s disease, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, small-vessel vasculitis, necrotizing vasculitis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, and Sweet’s syndrome have been reported. Oral manifestations of IBD are divided into specific (tag-like lesions, mucogingivitis, lip swelling with vertical fissures, aphthous stomatitis, and pyostomatitis vegetans) and non-specific. IBD treatment may present with side effects involving the skin and mucosa. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents have been linked to opportunistic skin infections, psoriasiform lesions, and a potentially increased risk for skin cancer. Cutaneous manifestations such as acrodermatitis enteropathica, purpuric lesions, and angular cheilitis may appear secondary to malnutrition and/or malabsorption. Conclusions: The correct diagnosis of dermatological manifestations in pediatric IBD is of paramount importance because of their impact on disease activity, treatment options, and a patient’s psychological status.https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/56/9/425dermatologicalpediatriculcerative colitisCrohn’s diseasetreatment |
| spellingShingle | Smaranda Diaconescu Silvia Strat Gheorghe G. Balan Carmen Anton Gabriela Stefanescu Ileana Ioniuc Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Medicina dermatological pediatric ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease treatment |
| title | Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_full | Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_fullStr | Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_short | Dermatological Manifestations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
| title_sort | dermatological manifestations in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease |
| topic | dermatological pediatric ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/56/9/425 |
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