Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy works by stimulating and strengthening the body’s anti-tumor immune response to eliminate cancer cells. Over the past few decades, immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of cancer, particularly the success of immune checkpoint blockade targeting CTLA-4, PD-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.672356/full |
| _version_ | 1818971101094477824 |
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| author | Zheying Zhang Manman Lu Yu Qin Wuji Gao Li Tao Wei Su Jiateng Zhong |
| author_facet | Zheying Zhang Manman Lu Yu Qin Wuji Gao Li Tao Wei Su Jiateng Zhong |
| author_sort | Zheying Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer immunotherapy works by stimulating and strengthening the body’s anti-tumor immune response to eliminate cancer cells. Over the past few decades, immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of cancer, particularly the success of immune checkpoint blockade targeting CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL1, which has led to a breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy. Tumor neoantigens, a new approach to tumor immunotherapy, include antigens produced by tumor viruses integrated into the genome and antigens produced by mutant proteins, which are abundantly expressed only in tumor cells and have strong immunogenicity and tumor heterogeneity. A growing number of studies have highlighted the relationship between neoantigens and T cells’ recognition of cancer cells. Vaccines developed against neoantigens are now being used in clinical trials in various solid tumors. In this review, we summarized the latest advances in the classification of immunotherapy and the process of classification, identification and synthesis of tumor-specific neoantigens, as well as their role in current cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the application prospects and existing problems of neoantigens were discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:47:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a43e9beba1af4db9b90539bd73b5d56a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:47:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a43e9beba1af4db9b90539bd73b5d56a2022-12-21T19:37:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-04-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.672356672356Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor ImmunotherapyZheying Zhang0Manman Lu1Yu Qin2Wuji Gao3Li Tao4Wei Su5Jiateng Zhong6Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, ChinaCancer immunotherapy works by stimulating and strengthening the body’s anti-tumor immune response to eliminate cancer cells. Over the past few decades, immunotherapy has shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of cancer, particularly the success of immune checkpoint blockade targeting CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL1, which has led to a breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy. Tumor neoantigens, a new approach to tumor immunotherapy, include antigens produced by tumor viruses integrated into the genome and antigens produced by mutant proteins, which are abundantly expressed only in tumor cells and have strong immunogenicity and tumor heterogeneity. A growing number of studies have highlighted the relationship between neoantigens and T cells’ recognition of cancer cells. Vaccines developed against neoantigens are now being used in clinical trials in various solid tumors. In this review, we summarized the latest advances in the classification of immunotherapy and the process of classification, identification and synthesis of tumor-specific neoantigens, as well as their role in current cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the application prospects and existing problems of neoantigens were discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.672356/fullimmunotherapyneoantigentumor-specific antigensvaccinepersonalized cancer immunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Zheying Zhang Manman Lu Yu Qin Wuji Gao Li Tao Wei Su Jiateng Zhong Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy Frontiers in Immunology immunotherapy neoantigen tumor-specific antigens vaccine personalized cancer immunotherapy |
| title | Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Neoantigen: A New Breakthrough in Tumor Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | neoantigen a new breakthrough in tumor immunotherapy |
| topic | immunotherapy neoantigen tumor-specific antigens vaccine personalized cancer immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.672356/full |
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