Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was found to be associated with pigs demonstrating congenital tremors (CT), and clinical signs in pigs have been reproduced after experimental challenge. Subsequently, APPV has been identified in both symptomatic and asymptomatic swine of all ages globally. The obj...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1767 |
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| author | Alexandra C. Buckley Juan-Carlos Mora-Díaz Ronaldo L. Magtoto Amberly Van Hulzen Franco Matias Ferreyra Shollie M. Falkenberg Luis G. Giménez-Lirola Bailey L. Arruda |
| author_facet | Alexandra C. Buckley Juan-Carlos Mora-Díaz Ronaldo L. Magtoto Amberly Van Hulzen Franco Matias Ferreyra Shollie M. Falkenberg Luis G. Giménez-Lirola Bailey L. Arruda |
| author_sort | Alexandra C. Buckley |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was found to be associated with pigs demonstrating congenital tremors (CT), and clinical signs in pigs have been reproduced after experimental challenge. Subsequently, APPV has been identified in both symptomatic and asymptomatic swine of all ages globally. The objective of this research was to perform a longitudinal study following two cohorts of pigs, those born in litters with pigs exhibiting CT and those born in litters without CT, to analyze the virus and antibody dynamics of APPV infection in serum from birth to market. There was a wide range in the percentage of affected pigs (8–75%) within CT-positive litters. After co-mingling with CT-positive litters at weaning, pigs from CT-negative litters developed viremia that was cleared after approximately 2 months, with the majority seroconverting by the end of the study. In contrast, a greater percentage of pigs exhibiting CT remained PCR positive throughout the growing phase, with less than one-third of these animals seroconverting. APPV RNA was present in multiple tissues from pigs in both groups at the time of marketing. This study improved our understanding of the infection dynamics of APPV in swine and the impact that the immune status and timing of infection have on the persistence of APPV in serum and tissues. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:30:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a45823988dcf4772b00c86426c8b9d31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:30:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-a45823988dcf4772b00c86426c8b9d312023-11-19T03:21:33ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-08-01158176710.3390/v15081767Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal StudyAlexandra C. Buckley0Juan-Carlos Mora-Díaz1Ronaldo L. Magtoto2Amberly Van Hulzen3Franco Matias Ferreyra4Shollie M. Falkenberg5Luis G. Giménez-Lirola6Bailey L. Arruda7Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USARuminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USAVirus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USAAtypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was found to be associated with pigs demonstrating congenital tremors (CT), and clinical signs in pigs have been reproduced after experimental challenge. Subsequently, APPV has been identified in both symptomatic and asymptomatic swine of all ages globally. The objective of this research was to perform a longitudinal study following two cohorts of pigs, those born in litters with pigs exhibiting CT and those born in litters without CT, to analyze the virus and antibody dynamics of APPV infection in serum from birth to market. There was a wide range in the percentage of affected pigs (8–75%) within CT-positive litters. After co-mingling with CT-positive litters at weaning, pigs from CT-negative litters developed viremia that was cleared after approximately 2 months, with the majority seroconverting by the end of the study. In contrast, a greater percentage of pigs exhibiting CT remained PCR positive throughout the growing phase, with less than one-third of these animals seroconverting. APPV RNA was present in multiple tissues from pigs in both groups at the time of marketing. This study improved our understanding of the infection dynamics of APPV in swine and the impact that the immune status and timing of infection have on the persistence of APPV in serum and tissues.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1767atypical porcine pestivirusAPPVcongenital tremorslongitudinal study |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra C. Buckley Juan-Carlos Mora-Díaz Ronaldo L. Magtoto Amberly Van Hulzen Franco Matias Ferreyra Shollie M. Falkenberg Luis G. Giménez-Lirola Bailey L. Arruda Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study Viruses atypical porcine pestivirus APPV congenital tremors longitudinal study |
| title | Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full | Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_short | Dynamics of Infection of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in Commercial Pigs from Birth to Market: A Longitudinal Study |
| title_sort | dynamics of infection of atypical porcine pestivirus in commercial pigs from birth to market a longitudinal study |
| topic | atypical porcine pestivirus APPV congenital tremors longitudinal study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1767 |
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