Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice
Abstract Background Recent studies break with traditional opinion that the lower respiratory tract is sterile, and increasingly focus on the lung microbiome and disease. Smoking, as an important etiology of inflammatory lung disease, was considered as a factor influencing lung microbiome variations...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Respiratory Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12931-018-0959-9 |
| _version_ | 1818923547901296640 |
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| author | Rui Zhang Ling Chen Lei Cao Kang-jie Li Yao Huang Xiao-qian Luan Ge Li |
| author_facet | Rui Zhang Ling Chen Lei Cao Kang-jie Li Yao Huang Xiao-qian Luan Ge Li |
| author_sort | Rui Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Recent studies break with traditional opinion that the lower respiratory tract is sterile, and increasingly focus on the lung microbiome and disease. Smoking, as an important etiology of inflammatory lung disease, was considered as a factor influencing lung microbiome variations in our study, and we aimed to study the effect of smoking on inflammation and microbial diversity and community. Methods Forty male mice were selected and randomly divided into a smoking and a non-smoking group. Mice in the smoking group were exposed to smoke smog for 2 h/day for 90 days. Blood and lung tissues were obtained after the experiment, and ELISA was used to measure interleukin-6 and C reactive protein concentrations. 16S rRNA gene quantification and sequencing technology were used to compare microbial diversity and community between the two groups. SAS 9.1 and R software were used to analyze the data. Results Thirty-six mice survived, and the weight of the smoking group increased more slowly than that of the non-smoking group. Denser inflammation and congestion were observed in the lungs of the smoking mice compared with the non-smoking group Higher microbial diversity was observed in the smoking group, and Enterobacter, Acidimicrobiales_norank, and Caulobacteraceae_Unclassified genus were significantly more abundant in the non-smoking group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Smoking altered microbial diversities and communities in the lower respiratory tract of mice. Microbial variation should be considered in future studies focusing on smoking-induced inflammatory disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:11:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a45be68022b64387a3789117f2528324 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1465-993X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:11:11Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Respiratory Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a45be68022b64387a3789117f25283242022-12-21T19:57:04ZengBMCRespiratory Research1465-993X2018-12-0119111510.1186/s12931-018-0959-9Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in miceRui Zhang0Ling Chen1Lei Cao2Kang-jie Li3Yao Huang4Xiao-qian Luan5Ge Li6Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityThe Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityResearch Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityResearch Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityFirst Clinical College, Chongqing Medical UniversityResearch Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityThe Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Recent studies break with traditional opinion that the lower respiratory tract is sterile, and increasingly focus on the lung microbiome and disease. Smoking, as an important etiology of inflammatory lung disease, was considered as a factor influencing lung microbiome variations in our study, and we aimed to study the effect of smoking on inflammation and microbial diversity and community. Methods Forty male mice were selected and randomly divided into a smoking and a non-smoking group. Mice in the smoking group were exposed to smoke smog for 2 h/day for 90 days. Blood and lung tissues were obtained after the experiment, and ELISA was used to measure interleukin-6 and C reactive protein concentrations. 16S rRNA gene quantification and sequencing technology were used to compare microbial diversity and community between the two groups. SAS 9.1 and R software were used to analyze the data. Results Thirty-six mice survived, and the weight of the smoking group increased more slowly than that of the non-smoking group. Denser inflammation and congestion were observed in the lungs of the smoking mice compared with the non-smoking group Higher microbial diversity was observed in the smoking group, and Enterobacter, Acidimicrobiales_norank, and Caulobacteraceae_Unclassified genus were significantly more abundant in the non-smoking group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Smoking altered microbial diversities and communities in the lower respiratory tract of mice. Microbial variation should be considered in future studies focusing on smoking-induced inflammatory disease.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12931-018-0959-9Lower respiratory tractMicrobiomeInflammationSmokingMice |
| spellingShingle | Rui Zhang Ling Chen Lei Cao Kang-jie Li Yao Huang Xiao-qian Luan Ge Li Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice Respiratory Research Lower respiratory tract Microbiome Inflammation Smoking Mice |
| title | Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| title_full | Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| title_fullStr | Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| title_short | Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| title_sort | effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice |
| topic | Lower respiratory tract Microbiome Inflammation Smoking Mice |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12931-018-0959-9 |
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