Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice
Obesity is the leading risk factor for developing metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The food industry has an essential role in searching for new strategies to improve primary food sources to revert some of the metabolic alterations induced by obesity. There is consisten...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7702 |
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| author | Gretel Dovale-Rosabal Alejandra Espinosa Alicia Rodríguez Andrés Barriga Alan Palomino-Calderón Nalda Romero Rodrigo Hernán Troncoso Santiago Pedro Aubourg |
| author_facet | Gretel Dovale-Rosabal Alejandra Espinosa Alicia Rodríguez Andrés Barriga Alan Palomino-Calderón Nalda Romero Rodrigo Hernán Troncoso Santiago Pedro Aubourg |
| author_sort | Gretel Dovale-Rosabal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is the leading risk factor for developing metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The food industry has an essential role in searching for new strategies to improve primary food sources to revert some of the metabolic alterations induced by obesity. There is consistent evidence that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) belonging to the n-3 series, i.e., eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3, DHA) acids, could revert some alterations associated with obesity-induced metabolic diseases. A relevant tool is the synthesis of structured acylglycerols (sAG), which include EPA or DHA at the sn-2 position. On the other hand, it has been reported that a crucial role of antioxidants is the reversion of MAFLD. In this work, we studied the effects of new molecules incorporating gallic acid (GA) into EPA/DHA-rich structured lipids. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (60%) for three months and were then divided into five groups for supplementation with sAG and sAG structured with gallic acid (structured phenolic acylglycerols, sPAG). sPAG synthesis was optimized using a 2²-screening factorial design based on the response surface methodology (RSM). Our results show that treatment of sPAG was effective in decreasing visceral fat, fasting glycemia, fasting insulin, suggesting that this new molecule has a potential use in the reversal of MAFLD-associated alterations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:08:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4616655481b40ac896a82fa2bd53c83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:08:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4616655481b40ac896a82fa2bd53c832023-11-24T09:19:51ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-11-012722770210.3390/molecules27227702Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in MiceGretel Dovale-Rosabal0Alejandra Espinosa1Alicia Rodríguez2Andrés Barriga3Alan Palomino-Calderón4Nalda Romero5Rodrigo Hernán Troncoso6Santiago Pedro Aubourg7Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Santiago 8380494, ChileEscuela de Medicina, Campus San Felipe, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, ChileDepartment of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Santiago 8380494, ChileCentre of Studies for the Development of Chemistry (CEPEDEQ), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Santiago 8380494, ChileDepartment of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Santiago 8380494, ChileDepartment of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Santiago 8380494, ChileLaboratory of Nutrition and Physical Activity (LABINAF), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, ChileDepartment of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, SpainObesity is the leading risk factor for developing metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The food industry has an essential role in searching for new strategies to improve primary food sources to revert some of the metabolic alterations induced by obesity. There is consistent evidence that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) belonging to the n-3 series, i.e., eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3, DHA) acids, could revert some alterations associated with obesity-induced metabolic diseases. A relevant tool is the synthesis of structured acylglycerols (sAG), which include EPA or DHA at the sn-2 position. On the other hand, it has been reported that a crucial role of antioxidants is the reversion of MAFLD. In this work, we studied the effects of new molecules incorporating gallic acid (GA) into EPA/DHA-rich structured lipids. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (60%) for three months and were then divided into five groups for supplementation with sAG and sAG structured with gallic acid (structured phenolic acylglycerols, sPAG). sPAG synthesis was optimized using a 2²-screening factorial design based on the response surface methodology (RSM). Our results show that treatment of sPAG was effective in decreasing visceral fat, fasting glycemia, fasting insulin, suggesting that this new molecule has a potential use in the reversal of MAFLD-associated alterations.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7702obesitymetabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)obese micehigh-fat diet (HFD)structured acylglycerols (sAG)gallic acid (GA) |
| spellingShingle | Gretel Dovale-Rosabal Alejandra Espinosa Alicia Rodríguez Andrés Barriga Alan Palomino-Calderón Nalda Romero Rodrigo Hernán Troncoso Santiago Pedro Aubourg Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice Molecules obesity metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) obese mice high-fat diet (HFD) structured acylglycerols (sAG) gallic acid (GA) |
| title | Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice |
| title_full | Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice |
| title_short | Effect of Structured Phenolic Lipids with EPA/DHA and Gallic Acid against Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) in Mice |
| title_sort | effect of structured phenolic lipids with epa dha and gallic acid against metabolic associated fatty liver disease mafld in mice |
| topic | obesity metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) obese mice high-fat diet (HFD) structured acylglycerols (sAG) gallic acid (GA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7702 |
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