Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts
Photobiomodulation studies have reported that blue light irradiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the effect of blue laser (405 nm) irradiation on the ATP levels in mouse skin and determined the types of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species usin...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/301 |
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| author | Eiko Nakayama Toshihiro Kushibiki Yoshine Mayumi Ryuichi Azuma Miya Ishihara Tomoharu Kiyosawa |
| author_facet | Eiko Nakayama Toshihiro Kushibiki Yoshine Mayumi Ryuichi Azuma Miya Ishihara Tomoharu Kiyosawa |
| author_sort | Eiko Nakayama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Photobiomodulation studies have reported that blue light irradiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the effect of blue laser (405 nm) irradiation on the ATP levels in mouse skin and determined the types of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species using cultured mouse fibroblasts. Blue laser irradiation caused a decrease in the ATP level in the mouse skin and triggered the generation of superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid, whereas nitric oxide and peroxynitrite were not detected. Moreover, blue laser irradiation resulted in reduced cell viability. It is believed that the decrease in the skin ATP level due to blue light irradiation results from the increased levels of oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. This method of systematically measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species may be useful for understanding the effects of irradiation conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:35:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a464557fd3e44b25b4230ea67652a6ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:35:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a464557fd3e44b25b4230ea67652a6ff2023-11-23T18:51:06ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-02-0111230110.3390/biology11020301Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse FibroblastsEiko Nakayama0Toshihiro Kushibiki1Yoshine Mayumi2Ryuichi Azuma3Miya Ishihara4Tomoharu Kiyosawa5Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanDepartment of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanDepartment of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanDepartment of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanDepartment of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanDepartment of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, JapanPhotobiomodulation studies have reported that blue light irradiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the effect of blue laser (405 nm) irradiation on the ATP levels in mouse skin and determined the types of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species using cultured mouse fibroblasts. Blue laser irradiation caused a decrease in the ATP level in the mouse skin and triggered the generation of superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid, whereas nitric oxide and peroxynitrite were not detected. Moreover, blue laser irradiation resulted in reduced cell viability. It is believed that the decrease in the skin ATP level due to blue light irradiation results from the increased levels of oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. This method of systematically measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species may be useful for understanding the effects of irradiation conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/301photobiomodulationlaserATPreactive oxygen speciesreactive nitrogen species |
| spellingShingle | Eiko Nakayama Toshihiro Kushibiki Yoshine Mayumi Ryuichi Azuma Miya Ishihara Tomoharu Kiyosawa Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts Biology photobiomodulation laser ATP reactive oxygen species reactive nitrogen species |
| title | Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts |
| title_full | Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts |
| title_fullStr | Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts |
| title_short | Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts |
| title_sort | blue laser irradiation decreases the atp level in mouse skin and increases the production of superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid in mouse fibroblasts |
| topic | photobiomodulation laser ATP reactive oxygen species reactive nitrogen species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/301 |
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