Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics
In the present study the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), a by-product from palm oil industry, in the presence of super phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst was studied. The effects of various physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, PFAD to methanol molar ratio and amount of c...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2015-03-01
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| Series: | Polish Journal of Chemical Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0013 |
| _version_ | 1818667204207443968 |
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| author | Metre Anand V. Nath Kaushik |
| author_facet | Metre Anand V. Nath Kaushik |
| author_sort | Metre Anand V. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present study the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), a by-product from palm oil industry, in the presence of super phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst was studied. The effects of various physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, PFAD to methanol molar ratio and amount of catalyst on the conversion of biodiesel were investigated. The percent conversion of FFA and properties of the biodiesel were determined following standard methodologies. Percent conversion of biodiesel was found to increase with the increase in PFAD to methanol molar ratio and at 1:12 molar ratio and 70°C temperature 95% conversion was achieved. Thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated in terms of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy at different molar ratio and temperatures. Both pseudo first and second order irreversible kinetics were applied to a wide range of experimental data. However, according to regression coefficient (R2) the second order described better experimental behavior of kinetic data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:16:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a46e9a91c14945b48e2fab902753e293 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1899-4741 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:16:42Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polish Journal of Chemical Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a46e9a91c14945b48e2fab902753e2932022-12-21T22:00:30ZengSciendoPolish Journal of Chemical Technology1899-47412015-03-01171889610.1515/pjct-2015-0013pjct-2015-0013Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kineticsMetre Anand V.0Nath Kaushik1G H Patel College of Engineering & Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, VallabhVidyanagar-388120G H Patel College of Engineering & Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, VallabhVidyanagar-388120In the present study the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), a by-product from palm oil industry, in the presence of super phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst was studied. The effects of various physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, PFAD to methanol molar ratio and amount of catalyst on the conversion of biodiesel were investigated. The percent conversion of FFA and properties of the biodiesel were determined following standard methodologies. Percent conversion of biodiesel was found to increase with the increase in PFAD to methanol molar ratio and at 1:12 molar ratio and 70°C temperature 95% conversion was achieved. Thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated in terms of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy at different molar ratio and temperatures. Both pseudo first and second order irreversible kinetics were applied to a wide range of experimental data. However, according to regression coefficient (R2) the second order described better experimental behavior of kinetic data.https://doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0013biodieselpalm fatty acids distillatesuper phosphoric acid |
| spellingShingle | Metre Anand V. Nath Kaushik Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics Polish Journal of Chemical Technology biodiesel palm fatty acids distillate super phosphoric acid |
| title | Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| title_full | Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| title_fullStr | Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| title_short | Super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate for biodiesel production: physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| title_sort | super phosphoric acid catalyzed esterification of palm fatty acid distillate for biodiesel production physicochemical parameters and kinetics |
| topic | biodiesel palm fatty acids distillate super phosphoric acid |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0013 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT metreanandv superphosphoricacidcatalyzedesterificationofpalmfattyaciddistillateforbiodieselproductionphysicochemicalparametersandkinetics AT nathkaushik superphosphoricacidcatalyzedesterificationofpalmfattyaciddistillateforbiodieselproductionphysicochemicalparametersandkinetics |