Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study
The optimization of the epoxidation reaction of methyl esters obtained from Jatropha oil was appraised. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed for the experimental design. Four reaction variables namely hydrogen peroxide/ C=C mole ratio,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
2013-03-01
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| Series: | Grasas y Aceites |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1414 |
| _version_ | 1818720725671870464 |
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| author | M. Mushtaq Isa M. Tan M. Nadeem C. Devi S. Y. C. Lee M. Sagir U. Rashid |
| author_facet | M. Mushtaq Isa M. Tan M. Nadeem C. Devi S. Y. C. Lee M. Sagir U. Rashid |
| author_sort | M. Mushtaq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The optimization of the epoxidation reaction of methyl esters obtained from Jatropha oil was appraised. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed for the experimental design. Four reaction variables namely hydrogen peroxide/ C=C mole ratio, formic acid/C=C mole ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time were evaluated. The optimum epoxidation conditions calculated by the quadratic model were 3.12 moles of hydrogen peroxide/C=C moles, 0.96 moles of formic acid/C=C moles, a reaction temperature of 70.0 °C and a reaction time of 277 minutes. A reaction optimized by the proposed process parameters provided a yield of 92.89 ± 1.29 wt.% with relatively improved reaction time. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and reaction temperature were found to be the most significant variables while reaction temperature and hydrogen peroxide showed strong interactions. The epoxidized methyl esters were analyzed using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. This study suggested relatively higher molar ratio of formic acid required than was proposed in the literature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:27:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4791909f2d64f248e597fe647ebdfcf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0017-3495 1988-4214 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:27:24Z |
| publishDate | 2013-03-01 |
| publisher | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Grasas y Aceites |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4791909f2d64f248e597fe647ebdfcf2022-12-21T21:33:42ZengConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGrasas y Aceites0017-34951988-42142013-03-0164110311410.3989/gya.0846121382Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization studyM. Mushtaq0Isa M. Tan1M. Nadeem2C. Devi3S. Y. C. Lee4M. Sagir5U. Rashid6Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Technologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department, Universiti Technologi PETRONASSubsurface Technology, PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd (PRSB)Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Technologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department, Universiti Technologi PETRONASChemical Engineering Department, Universiti Technologi PETRONASInstitute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra MalaysiaThe optimization of the epoxidation reaction of methyl esters obtained from Jatropha oil was appraised. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed for the experimental design. Four reaction variables namely hydrogen peroxide/ C=C mole ratio, formic acid/C=C mole ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time were evaluated. The optimum epoxidation conditions calculated by the quadratic model were 3.12 moles of hydrogen peroxide/C=C moles, 0.96 moles of formic acid/C=C moles, a reaction temperature of 70.0 °C and a reaction time of 277 minutes. A reaction optimized by the proposed process parameters provided a yield of 92.89 ± 1.29 wt.% with relatively improved reaction time. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and reaction temperature were found to be the most significant variables while reaction temperature and hydrogen peroxide showed strong interactions. The epoxidized methyl esters were analyzed using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. This study suggested relatively higher molar ratio of formic acid required than was proposed in the literature.http://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1414characterizationepoxidised jatropha oiloptimizationresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | M. Mushtaq Isa M. Tan M. Nadeem C. Devi S. Y. C. Lee M. Sagir U. Rashid Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study Grasas y Aceites characterization epoxidised jatropha oil optimization response surface methodology |
| title | Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study |
| title_full | Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study |
| title_fullStr | Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study |
| title_short | Epoxidation of methyl esters derived from Jatropha oil: An optimization study |
| title_sort | epoxidation of methyl esters derived from jatropha oil an optimization study |
| topic | characterization epoxidised jatropha oil optimization response surface methodology |
| url | http://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1414 |
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