Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water
Prudent antimicrobial use requires knowledge of pharmacokinetics (PK) in a specific fish species which in turn depends on water temperature and salinity. Although the influence of each individual factor is known, the combined effect is less clear. The objective of the current study was to investigat...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.826586/full |
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| author | Tirawat Rairat Yi-Kai Liu Julia Chu-Nin Hsu Chia-Yu Hsieh Niti Chuchird Chi-Chung Chou Chi-Chung Chou |
| author_facet | Tirawat Rairat Yi-Kai Liu Julia Chu-Nin Hsu Chia-Yu Hsieh Niti Chuchird Chi-Chung Chou Chi-Chung Chou |
| author_sort | Tirawat Rairat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prudent antimicrobial use requires knowledge of pharmacokinetics (PK) in a specific fish species which in turn depends on water temperature and salinity. Although the influence of each individual factor is known, the combined effect is less clear. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature and salinity concurrently on the PK of florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia reared in brackish water. Twenty-eight fish were divided into four groups and kept at one of two temperatures (24 vs. 32°C) and two salinity levels (5 vs. 15 ppt). The FF was administered at a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight via oral gavage. The serum concentrations were analyzed by HPLC method and the PK parameters were analyzed by a 2-compartmental model. The result revealed that at 32°C, the elimination half-lives (t1/2β), time to reach the peak concentration (Tmax), area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC), and mean residence time (MRT) were significantly decreased, while the clearance relative to bioavailability (CL/F) significantly increased compared to those at 24°C. The extents of these PK changes were similar at the two salinity levels. On the contrary, increasing the salinity from 5 to 15 ppt at a given temperature level produced no significant change in the PK behavior. Our finding indicated that only water temperature, but not salinity, is the major determinant factor governing the FF fate in the fish body. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:11:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a47bba6558bb461581cdb34bbc7c76c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:11:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a47bba6558bb461581cdb34bbc7c76c02022-12-22T01:40:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692022-03-01910.3389/fvets.2022.826586826586Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish WaterTirawat Rairat0Yi-Kai Liu1Julia Chu-Nin Hsu2Chia-Yu Hsieh3Niti Chuchird4Chi-Chung Chou5Chi-Chung Chou6Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, TaiwanPrudent antimicrobial use requires knowledge of pharmacokinetics (PK) in a specific fish species which in turn depends on water temperature and salinity. Although the influence of each individual factor is known, the combined effect is less clear. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature and salinity concurrently on the PK of florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia reared in brackish water. Twenty-eight fish were divided into four groups and kept at one of two temperatures (24 vs. 32°C) and two salinity levels (5 vs. 15 ppt). The FF was administered at a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight via oral gavage. The serum concentrations were analyzed by HPLC method and the PK parameters were analyzed by a 2-compartmental model. The result revealed that at 32°C, the elimination half-lives (t1/2β), time to reach the peak concentration (Tmax), area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC), and mean residence time (MRT) were significantly decreased, while the clearance relative to bioavailability (CL/F) significantly increased compared to those at 24°C. The extents of these PK changes were similar at the two salinity levels. On the contrary, increasing the salinity from 5 to 15 ppt at a given temperature level produced no significant change in the PK behavior. Our finding indicated that only water temperature, but not salinity, is the major determinant factor governing the FF fate in the fish body.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.826586/fullantimicrobialsaquacultureenvironmental factorfishpharmacokinetics |
| spellingShingle | Tirawat Rairat Yi-Kai Liu Julia Chu-Nin Hsu Chia-Yu Hsieh Niti Chuchird Chi-Chung Chou Chi-Chung Chou Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water Frontiers in Veterinary Science antimicrobials aquaculture environmental factor fish pharmacokinetics |
| title | Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water |
| title_full | Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water |
| title_fullStr | Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water |
| title_short | Combined Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Brackish Water |
| title_sort | combined effects of temperature and salinity on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus reared in brackish water |
| topic | antimicrobials aquaculture environmental factor fish pharmacokinetics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.826586/full |
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