A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice
The gut microflora is a vital component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system that regulates local and systemic immunity, inflammatory response, the digestive system, and overall health. Older people commonly suffer from inadequate nutrition or poor diets, which could potentially alter the gut microbi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/5005 |
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| author | Ibrahim Yusufu Kehong Ding Kathryn Smith Umesh D. Wankhade Bikash Sahay G. Taylor Patterson Rafal Pacholczyk Satish Adusumilli Mark W. Hamrick William D. Hill Carlos M. Isales Sadanand Fulzele |
| author_facet | Ibrahim Yusufu Kehong Ding Kathryn Smith Umesh D. Wankhade Bikash Sahay G. Taylor Patterson Rafal Pacholczyk Satish Adusumilli Mark W. Hamrick William D. Hill Carlos M. Isales Sadanand Fulzele |
| author_sort | Ibrahim Yusufu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The gut microflora is a vital component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system that regulates local and systemic immunity, inflammatory response, the digestive system, and overall health. Older people commonly suffer from inadequate nutrition or poor diets, which could potentially alter the gut microbiota. The essential amino acid (AA) tryptophan (TRP) is a vital diet component that plays a critical role in physiological stress responses, neuropsychiatric health, oxidative systems, inflammatory responses, and GI health. The present study investigates the relationship between varied TRP diets, the gut microbiome, and inflammatory responses in an aged mouse model. We fed aged mice either a TRP-deficient (0.1%), TRP-recommended (0.2%), or high-TRP (1.25%) diet for eight weeks and observed changes in the gut bacterial environment and the inflammatory responses via cytokine analysis (IL-1a, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-27). The mice on the TRP-deficient diets showed changes in their bacterial abundance of Coriobacteriia class, <i>Acetatifactor</i> genus, Lachnospiraceae family, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> species, <i>Clostridium</i> sp genus, and <i>Oscillibacter</i> genus. Further, these mice showed significant increases in IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-1a and decreased IL-27 levels. These data suggest a direct association between dietary TRP content, the gut microbiota microenvironment, and inflammatory responses in aged mice models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:36:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a48ba1588b034556a54afd64f3f04e16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:36:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a48ba1588b034556a54afd64f3f04e162023-11-21T18:50:31ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-01229500510.3390/ijms22095005A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged MiceIbrahim Yusufu0Kehong Ding1Kathryn Smith2Umesh D. Wankhade3Bikash Sahay4G. Taylor Patterson5Rafal Pacholczyk6Satish Adusumilli7Mark W. Hamrick8William D. Hill9Carlos M. Isales10Sadanand Fulzele11Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR 72202, USADepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USADepartment of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USAGeorgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30902, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USADepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, USADepartment of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USAThe gut microflora is a vital component of the gastrointestinal (GI) system that regulates local and systemic immunity, inflammatory response, the digestive system, and overall health. Older people commonly suffer from inadequate nutrition or poor diets, which could potentially alter the gut microbiota. The essential amino acid (AA) tryptophan (TRP) is a vital diet component that plays a critical role in physiological stress responses, neuropsychiatric health, oxidative systems, inflammatory responses, and GI health. The present study investigates the relationship between varied TRP diets, the gut microbiome, and inflammatory responses in an aged mouse model. We fed aged mice either a TRP-deficient (0.1%), TRP-recommended (0.2%), or high-TRP (1.25%) diet for eight weeks and observed changes in the gut bacterial environment and the inflammatory responses via cytokine analysis (IL-1a, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-27). The mice on the TRP-deficient diets showed changes in their bacterial abundance of Coriobacteriia class, <i>Acetatifactor</i> genus, Lachnospiraceae family, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> species, <i>Clostridium</i> sp genus, and <i>Oscillibacter</i> genus. Further, these mice showed significant increases in IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-1a and decreased IL-27 levels. These data suggest a direct association between dietary TRP content, the gut microbiota microenvironment, and inflammatory responses in aged mice models.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/5005tryptophansystemic inflammationdysbiosisgutmicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Ibrahim Yusufu Kehong Ding Kathryn Smith Umesh D. Wankhade Bikash Sahay G. Taylor Patterson Rafal Pacholczyk Satish Adusumilli Mark W. Hamrick William D. Hill Carlos M. Isales Sadanand Fulzele A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice International Journal of Molecular Sciences tryptophan systemic inflammation dysbiosis gut microbiota |
| title | A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice |
| title_full | A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice |
| title_fullStr | A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice |
| title_short | A Tryptophan-Deficient Diet Induces Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Increases Systemic Inflammation in Aged Mice |
| title_sort | tryptophan deficient diet induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and increases systemic inflammation in aged mice |
| topic | tryptophan systemic inflammation dysbiosis gut microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/5005 |
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