Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010
Particulate sulfate in PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and size-segregated aerosol particle number concentrations were measured at a site (32°19′N, 129°59′E) on the southwestern Japan coast from 5 March to 10 April, 2010. Results show frequent episodic increases of sulfate and SO2. Compared to the avera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2012-03-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment |
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| Online Access: | http://asianjae.org/_common/do.php?a=full&b=11&bidx=1573&aidx=19857 |
| _version_ | 1797765562054475776 |
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| author | Tetsuji Nagatani Maromu Yamada Tomoko Kojima Daizhou Zhang |
| author_facet | Tetsuji Nagatani Maromu Yamada Tomoko Kojima Daizhou Zhang |
| author_sort | Tetsuji Nagatani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Particulate sulfate in PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and size-segregated aerosol particle number concentrations were measured at a site (32°19′N, 129°59′E) on the southwestern Japan coast from 5 March to 10 April, 2010. Results show frequent episodic increases of sulfate and SO2. Compared to the average concentration of sulfate 4.4±2.7 μg m-3 in the whole observation period, episodic sulfate reached 10.5-20.1 μg m-3. The variation of sulfate always synchronized with aerosol particles in the size range of 0.1-0.5 μm, indicating the episodic sulfate was a consequence of the increase of the sub-micron particles. SO2 did not have remarkable increase in any episodes of sulfate increase. During the passage of low pressure systems which loaded Asian dust in postfrontal air, concentrated sulfate appeared right behind the front but before dust arrival, suggesting the dominance of dustfree particulate sulfate. Weather and backward trajectory analyses revealed that air parcels with high sulfate passed eastern and northeastern China or Korean peninsula before arriving at the site. In contrast, those with high SO2 passed an active volcano, Mt. Sakurajima, about 100 km in the south, suggesting the SO2 was more likely from the volcanic emission. The ratio of sulfate to total sulfur compounds (SO42-)/(SO42-+SO2) was 0.31-0.89 in continentally originated air while was 0.25-0.43 in the air having passed the volcano, showing more efficient conversions of SO2 to sulfate in the air from the continent. The close dependence of the conversion on humidity in the continentally originated air was confirmed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:11:52Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a49263537c2643d6b50f90e01d4d9f97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1976-6912 2287-1160 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:11:52Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-a49263537c2643d6b50f90e01d4d9f972023-08-02T01:40:51ZengSpringerAsian Journal of Atmospheric Environment1976-69122287-11602012-03-0161415210.5572/ajae.2012.6.1.041Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010Tetsuji Nagatani 0Maromu Yamada1Tomoko Kojima2Daizhou Zhang3Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Kumamoto 862-8502 Kumamoto, JapanCenter for Innovation, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, JapanGraduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, JapanFaculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Kumamoto 862-8502 Kumamoto, JapanParticulate sulfate in PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and size-segregated aerosol particle number concentrations were measured at a site (32°19′N, 129°59′E) on the southwestern Japan coast from 5 March to 10 April, 2010. Results show frequent episodic increases of sulfate and SO2. Compared to the average concentration of sulfate 4.4±2.7 μg m-3 in the whole observation period, episodic sulfate reached 10.5-20.1 μg m-3. The variation of sulfate always synchronized with aerosol particles in the size range of 0.1-0.5 μm, indicating the episodic sulfate was a consequence of the increase of the sub-micron particles. SO2 did not have remarkable increase in any episodes of sulfate increase. During the passage of low pressure systems which loaded Asian dust in postfrontal air, concentrated sulfate appeared right behind the front but before dust arrival, suggesting the dominance of dustfree particulate sulfate. Weather and backward trajectory analyses revealed that air parcels with high sulfate passed eastern and northeastern China or Korean peninsula before arriving at the site. In contrast, those with high SO2 passed an active volcano, Mt. Sakurajima, about 100 km in the south, suggesting the SO2 was more likely from the volcanic emission. The ratio of sulfate to total sulfur compounds (SO42-)/(SO42-+SO2) was 0.31-0.89 in continentally originated air while was 0.25-0.43 in the air having passed the volcano, showing more efficient conversions of SO2 to sulfate in the air from the continent. The close dependence of the conversion on humidity in the continentally originated air was confirmed.http://asianjae.org/_common/do.php?a=full&b=11&bidx=1573&aidx=19857sulfur compoundseast asiaanthropogenic sourcevolcanic emissionasian dust |
| spellingShingle | Tetsuji Nagatani Maromu Yamada Tomoko Kojima Daizhou Zhang Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment sulfur compounds east asia anthropogenic source volcanic emission asian dust |
| title | Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 |
| title_full | Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 |
| title_fullStr | Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 |
| title_short | Episodic Particulate Sulfate and Sulfur Dioxide on the Southwestern Japan Coast in March and April 2010 |
| title_sort | episodic particulate sulfate and sulfur dioxide on the southwestern japan coast in march and april 2010 |
| topic | sulfur compounds east asia anthropogenic source volcanic emission asian dust |
| url | http://asianjae.org/_common/do.php?a=full&b=11&bidx=1573&aidx=19857 |
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