The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp <i>cubense</i> (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, is one of the most devastating constraints to banana production worldwide. The spread of Foc in water is particularly concerning, as infested water can rapidly contaminate disease-free ar...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/796 |
| _version_ | 1797514190745763840 |
|---|---|
| author | Sahabne Ullah Diane Mostert Kobus Serfontein Altus Viljoen |
| author_facet | Sahabne Ullah Diane Mostert Kobus Serfontein Altus Viljoen |
| author_sort | Sahabne Ullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp <i>cubense</i> (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, is one of the most devastating constraints to banana production worldwide. The spread of Foc in water is particularly concerning, as infested water can rapidly contaminate disease-free areas. The objectives of this study were to investigate the survival of Foc in water and to test the effectiveness of water treatment with chlorine, ozone, UV, and peracetic acid. The study indicated that Foc spores can survive in water for more than 120 days, but that viability was reduced in stagnant water, probably due to anaerobic conditions when spores settled at the bottom. It is therefore recommended that surface water be extracted and treated before it is used for irrigation. The efficacy of all water treatments was reduced in the presence of soil, implying that water needs to be soil-free before treatment. The use of peracetic acid is recommended to treat Foc-contaminated water, as it is safe for use and does not require installation costs although it is effective at treating Foc-contaminated water, ozone would require significant input costs and chlorine can produce harmful disinfection by-products. UV would be impractical for field application because of the high doses required to eliminate Foc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:28:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4966518dc7f4ab5875a2a3e1cb8ff70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:28:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4966518dc7f4ab5875a2a3e1cb8ff702023-11-22T18:46:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2021-09-0171079610.3390/jof7100796The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in WaterSahabne Ullah0Diane Mostert1Kobus Serfontein2Altus Viljoen3Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, Western Cape, South AfricaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, Western Cape, South AfricaICA International Chemicals, Stellenbosch 7601, Western Cape, South AfricaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, Western Cape, South Africa<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp <i>cubense</i> (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, is one of the most devastating constraints to banana production worldwide. The spread of Foc in water is particularly concerning, as infested water can rapidly contaminate disease-free areas. The objectives of this study were to investigate the survival of Foc in water and to test the effectiveness of water treatment with chlorine, ozone, UV, and peracetic acid. The study indicated that Foc spores can survive in water for more than 120 days, but that viability was reduced in stagnant water, probably due to anaerobic conditions when spores settled at the bottom. It is therefore recommended that surface water be extracted and treated before it is used for irrigation. The efficacy of all water treatments was reduced in the presence of soil, implying that water needs to be soil-free before treatment. The use of peracetic acid is recommended to treat Foc-contaminated water, as it is safe for use and does not require installation costs although it is effective at treating Foc-contaminated water, ozone would require significant input costs and chlorine can produce harmful disinfection by-products. UV would be impractical for field application because of the high doses required to eliminate Foc.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/796Fusarium wiltwatersurvivaltreatmentchlorineozone |
| spellingShingle | Sahabne Ullah Diane Mostert Kobus Serfontein Altus Viljoen The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water Journal of Fungi Fusarium wilt water survival treatment chlorine ozone |
| title | The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water |
| title_full | The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water |
| title_fullStr | The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water |
| title_short | The Survival and Treatment of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> in Water |
| title_sort | survival and treatment of i fusarium oxysporum i f sp i cubense i in water |
| topic | Fusarium wilt water survival treatment chlorine ozone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/10/796 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sahabneullah thesurvivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT dianemostert thesurvivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT kobusserfontein thesurvivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT altusviljoen thesurvivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT sahabneullah survivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT dianemostert survivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT kobusserfontein survivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater AT altusviljoen survivalandtreatmentofifusariumoxysporumifspicubenseiinwater |