<i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’)
Tree peonies are an economically important crop with flowers of high ornamental value. Most tree peony cultivars in gardens are once-flowering, and the continuous flowering (CF) trait has been revealed only in a few tree peony cultivars, such as ‘High Noon’ (‘HN’). However, the molecular mechanism u...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2071 |
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| author | Limei Zhang Fangyun Cheng He Huang Ziwen Geng Chaoying He |
| author_facet | Limei Zhang Fangyun Cheng He Huang Ziwen Geng Chaoying He |
| author_sort | Limei Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tree peonies are an economically important crop with flowers of high ornamental value. Most tree peony cultivars in gardens are once-flowering, and the continuous flowering (CF) trait has been revealed only in a few tree peony cultivars, such as ‘High Noon’ (‘HN’). However, the molecular mechanism underlying its CF remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PsTFL1 functions as a floral inhibitor via the ectopic expression of <i>PsTFL1</i> in transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants. Our findings suggest that PsFT and PsTFL1 interact with PsFD, and the detected interactions may occur in the nucleus. Compared with the non-CF variety, the gene expression patterns of <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> during the flower development indicate that these three genes may be related to the CF habit in tree peony ‘HN’. These findings will aid future investigations of CF behavior and promote the breeding of tree peonies and other perennial woody plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:12:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4983d5a024b4c608aecd9427ce0c033 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:12:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4983d5a024b4c608aecd9427ce0c0332023-11-18T23:54:37ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01138207110.3390/agronomy13082071<i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’)Limei Zhang0Fangyun Cheng1He Huang2Ziwen Geng3Chaoying He4State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaTree peonies are an economically important crop with flowers of high ornamental value. Most tree peony cultivars in gardens are once-flowering, and the continuous flowering (CF) trait has been revealed only in a few tree peony cultivars, such as ‘High Noon’ (‘HN’). However, the molecular mechanism underlying its CF remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PsTFL1 functions as a floral inhibitor via the ectopic expression of <i>PsTFL1</i> in transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants. Our findings suggest that PsFT and PsTFL1 interact with PsFD, and the detected interactions may occur in the nucleus. Compared with the non-CF variety, the gene expression patterns of <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> during the flower development indicate that these three genes may be related to the CF habit in tree peony ‘HN’. These findings will aid future investigations of CF behavior and promote the breeding of tree peonies and other perennial woody plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2071tree peonycontinuous flowering<i>FT</i><i>TFL</i><i>FD</i> |
| spellingShingle | Limei Zhang Fangyun Cheng He Huang Ziwen Geng Chaoying He <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) Agronomy tree peony continuous flowering <i>FT</i> <i>TFL</i> <i>FD</i> |
| title | <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) |
| title_full | <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) |
| title_fullStr | <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) |
| title_short | <i>PsFT</i>, <i>PsTFL1</i>, and <i>PsFD</i> Are Involved in Regulating the Continuous Flowering of Tree Peony (<i>Paeonia</i> × <i>lemoinei</i> ‘High Noon’) |
| title_sort | i psft i i pstfl1 i and i psfd i are involved in regulating the continuous flowering of tree peony i paeonia i i lemoinei i high noon |
| topic | tree peony continuous flowering <i>FT</i> <i>TFL</i> <i>FD</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2071 |
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