The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review
The untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lentivirus species that attacks immune cells (CD4+ T cells), causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-positive people manage HIV/AIDS by using antiretroviral therapy (ART). The ART treatment regimen contains two nucleoside reverse tran...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3235 |
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| author | Mbasakazi Saki Helena De Villiers Claudia Ntsapi Charlette Tiloke |
| author_facet | Mbasakazi Saki Helena De Villiers Claudia Ntsapi Charlette Tiloke |
| author_sort | Mbasakazi Saki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lentivirus species that attacks immune cells (CD4+ T cells), causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-positive people manage HIV/AIDS by using antiretroviral therapy (ART). The ART treatment regimen contains two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Tenofovir, an NRTI approved for managing HIV infection, is associated with hepatic steatosis and lactic acidosis, which are linked to mitochondrial toxicity and oxidative stress. Due to side-effects associated with ART, people living with HIV often use medicinal plants or a combination of medicinal plants with ART to promote adherence and diminish the side-effects and cytotoxicity. The <i>Moringa oleifera</i> (MO) tree from the family of Moringaceae is among the medicinal trees studied in managing HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. The MO tree extracts have been reported to have inhibitory activity primarily against HIV due to their bioactive compounds. However, there is a scarcity of knowledge about the use of the MO tree amongst HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in South Africa and its effect on patient compliance and outcomes. Thus, this review aims to outline the impact of MO aqueous leaf extract on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in human HepG<sub>2</sub> liver cells after exposure to antiretrovirals such as tenofovir. The review will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the potential protective effect of MO aqueous leaf extract on tenofovir-induced cytotoxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:13:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4a06c9f786b4d3694f1325501155942 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:13:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4a06c9f786b4d3694f13255011559422023-11-19T12:31:59ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-09-011218323510.3390/plants12183235The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A ReviewMbasakazi Saki0Helena De Villiers1Claudia Ntsapi2Charlette Tiloke3Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaThe untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lentivirus species that attacks immune cells (CD4+ T cells), causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-positive people manage HIV/AIDS by using antiretroviral therapy (ART). The ART treatment regimen contains two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Tenofovir, an NRTI approved for managing HIV infection, is associated with hepatic steatosis and lactic acidosis, which are linked to mitochondrial toxicity and oxidative stress. Due to side-effects associated with ART, people living with HIV often use medicinal plants or a combination of medicinal plants with ART to promote adherence and diminish the side-effects and cytotoxicity. The <i>Moringa oleifera</i> (MO) tree from the family of Moringaceae is among the medicinal trees studied in managing HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. The MO tree extracts have been reported to have inhibitory activity primarily against HIV due to their bioactive compounds. However, there is a scarcity of knowledge about the use of the MO tree amongst HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in South Africa and its effect on patient compliance and outcomes. Thus, this review aims to outline the impact of MO aqueous leaf extract on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in human HepG<sub>2</sub> liver cells after exposure to antiretrovirals such as tenofovir. The review will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the potential protective effect of MO aqueous leaf extract on tenofovir-induced cytotoxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3235HIV/AIDStenofovirreactive oxygen speciesantioxidants<i>Moringa oleifera</i>human HepG<sub>2</sub> liver cells |
| spellingShingle | Mbasakazi Saki Helena De Villiers Claudia Ntsapi Charlette Tiloke The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review Plants HIV/AIDS tenofovir reactive oxygen species antioxidants <i>Moringa oleifera</i> human HepG<sub>2</sub> liver cells |
| title | The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review |
| title_full | The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review |
| title_fullStr | The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review |
| title_short | The Hepatoprotective Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> against Antiretroviral-Induced Cytotoxicity in HepG<sub>2</sub> Cells: A Review |
| title_sort | hepatoprotective effects of i moringa oleifera i against antiretroviral induced cytotoxicity in hepg sub 2 sub cells a review |
| topic | HIV/AIDS tenofovir reactive oxygen species antioxidants <i>Moringa oleifera</i> human HepG<sub>2</sub> liver cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3235 |
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