Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update
The successful maternal tolerance of the semi-allogeneic fetus provides an apparent immunologic paradox. Indeed, deep invasion of placental trophoblast cells into maternal uterine tissue and the following growth of the fetus have to be tolerated by a pregnant woman’s immune system. Among the various...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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author | Chiara Tersigni Federica Meli Caterina Neri Azzurra Iacoangeli Rita Franco Antonio Lanzone Giovanni Scambia Nicoletta Di Simone |
author_facet | Chiara Tersigni Federica Meli Caterina Neri Azzurra Iacoangeli Rita Franco Antonio Lanzone Giovanni Scambia Nicoletta Di Simone |
author_sort | Chiara Tersigni |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The successful maternal tolerance of the semi-allogeneic fetus provides an apparent immunologic paradox. Indeed, deep invasion of placental trophoblast cells into maternal uterine tissue and the following growth of the fetus have to be tolerated by a pregnant woman’s immune system. Among the various possible protective mechanisms that may be involved in human pregnancy, the expression of a non-classical pattern of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules and the complete lack of expression of HLA class II molecules in placental tissues seem to be the most relevant mechanisms of fetal escape from maternal immune recognition. The importance of HLA molecules in fetal toleration by the maternal immune system is highlighted by pregnancy complications occurring in cases of abnormal HLA molecule expression at the maternal–fetal interface. In this review, we summarize evidences about the role of placental HLA molecules in normal and pathological pregnancies. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:11:48Z |
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issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:11:48Z |
publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
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series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
spelling | doaj.art-a4a493ee59f943b0b5ae35ff3732c5262023-12-03T11:57:52ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-07-012113475610.3390/ijms21134756Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An UpdateChiara Tersigni0Federica Meli1Caterina Neri2Azzurra Iacoangeli3Rita Franco4Antonio Lanzone5Giovanni Scambia6Nicoletta Di Simone7Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFacoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia A. A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFacoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia A. A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyFacoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia A. A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyFacoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia A. A Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, U.O.C. di Ostetricia e Patologia Ostetrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyThe successful maternal tolerance of the semi-allogeneic fetus provides an apparent immunologic paradox. Indeed, deep invasion of placental trophoblast cells into maternal uterine tissue and the following growth of the fetus have to be tolerated by a pregnant woman’s immune system. Among the various possible protective mechanisms that may be involved in human pregnancy, the expression of a non-classical pattern of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules and the complete lack of expression of HLA class II molecules in placental tissues seem to be the most relevant mechanisms of fetal escape from maternal immune recognition. The importance of HLA molecules in fetal toleration by the maternal immune system is highlighted by pregnancy complications occurring in cases of abnormal HLA molecule expression at the maternal–fetal interface. In this review, we summarize evidences about the role of placental HLA molecules in normal and pathological pregnancies.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4756Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)pregnancymaternal–fetal interfacesyncytiotrophoblastpre-eclampsia. |
spellingShingle | Chiara Tersigni Federica Meli Caterina Neri Azzurra Iacoangeli Rita Franco Antonio Lanzone Giovanni Scambia Nicoletta Di Simone Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update International Journal of Molecular Sciences Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) pregnancy maternal–fetal interface syncytiotrophoblast pre-eclampsia. |
title | Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update |
title_full | Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update |
title_fullStr | Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update |
title_short | Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens at the Feto-Maternal Interface in Normal and Pathological Pregnancy: An Update |
title_sort | role of human leukocyte antigens at the feto maternal interface in normal and pathological pregnancy an update |
topic | Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) pregnancy maternal–fetal interface syncytiotrophoblast pre-eclampsia. |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/13/4756 |
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