Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets
Natural planned exposure (NPE) remains one of the most common methods in swine herds to boost lactogenic immunity against rotaviruses. However, the efficacy of NPE protocols in generating lactogenic immunity has not been investigated before. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the dyna...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1866 |
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| author | Deepak Kumar Amanda V. Anderson Reever Jeremy S. Pittman Nora L. Springer Kylynn Mallen Gleyder Roman-Sosa Neha Sangewar Mary C. Casey-Moore Michael D. Bowen Waithaka Mwangi Douglas G. Marthaler |
| author_facet | Deepak Kumar Amanda V. Anderson Reever Jeremy S. Pittman Nora L. Springer Kylynn Mallen Gleyder Roman-Sosa Neha Sangewar Mary C. Casey-Moore Michael D. Bowen Waithaka Mwangi Douglas G. Marthaler |
| author_sort | Deepak Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural planned exposure (NPE) remains one of the most common methods in swine herds to boost lactogenic immunity against rotaviruses. However, the efficacy of NPE protocols in generating lactogenic immunity has not been investigated before. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of genotype-specific antibody responses to different doses (3, 2 and 1) of Rotavirus A (RVA) NPE (genotypes G4, G5, P[7] and P[23]) in gilts and the transfer of lactogenic immunity to their piglets. Group 1 gilts received three doses of NPE at 5, 4 and 3 weeks pre-farrow (WPF), group 2 received two doses at 5 and 3 WPF, group 3 received one dose at 5 WPF, and group 4 received no NPE (control group). VP7 (G4 and G5) and truncated VP4* (P[7] and P[23]) antigens of RVA were expressed in mammalian and bacterial expression systems, respectively, and used to optimize indirect ELISAs to determine antibody levels against RVA in gilts and piglets. In day-0 colostrum samples, group 1 had significantly higher IgG titers compared to the control group for all four antigens, and either significantly or numerically higher IgG titers than groups 2 and 3. Group 1 also had significantly higher colostrum IgA levels than the control group for all antigens (except G4), and either significantly or numerically higher IgA levels compared to groups 2 and 3. In piglet serum, group 1 piglets had higher IgG titers for all four antigens at day 0 than the other groups. Importantly, RVA NPE stimulated antibodies in all groups regardless of the treatment doses and prevented G4, G5, P[7] and P[23] RVA fecal shedding prior to weaning in piglets in the absence of viral challenge. The G11 and P[34] RVA genotypes detected from pre-weaning piglets differed at multiple amino acid positions with parent NPE strains. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the group 1 NPE regimen (three doses of NPE) resulted in the highest anti-RVA antibody (IgG and IgA) levels in the colostrum/milk, and the highest IgG levels in piglet serum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:18:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4a760bead3f4722bdb0e036734c0d60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4a760bead3f4722bdb0e036734c0d602023-12-22T14:47:41ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-12-011112186610.3390/vaccines11121866Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in PigletsDeepak Kumar0Amanda V. Anderson Reever1Jeremy S. Pittman2Nora L. Springer3Kylynn Mallen4Gleyder Roman-Sosa5Neha Sangewar6Mary C. Casey-Moore7Michael D. Bowen8Waithaka Mwangi9Douglas G. Marthaler10Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USADepartment of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USASmithfield Foods, 434 E Main St., Waverly, VA 23890, USAClinical Pathology, Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAInstitute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAViral Gastroenteritis Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USAViral Gastroenteritis Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAScience and Technology, Indical Inc., Orlando, FL 32804, USANatural planned exposure (NPE) remains one of the most common methods in swine herds to boost lactogenic immunity against rotaviruses. However, the efficacy of NPE protocols in generating lactogenic immunity has not been investigated before. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of genotype-specific antibody responses to different doses (3, 2 and 1) of Rotavirus A (RVA) NPE (genotypes G4, G5, P[7] and P[23]) in gilts and the transfer of lactogenic immunity to their piglets. Group 1 gilts received three doses of NPE at 5, 4 and 3 weeks pre-farrow (WPF), group 2 received two doses at 5 and 3 WPF, group 3 received one dose at 5 WPF, and group 4 received no NPE (control group). VP7 (G4 and G5) and truncated VP4* (P[7] and P[23]) antigens of RVA were expressed in mammalian and bacterial expression systems, respectively, and used to optimize indirect ELISAs to determine antibody levels against RVA in gilts and piglets. In day-0 colostrum samples, group 1 had significantly higher IgG titers compared to the control group for all four antigens, and either significantly or numerically higher IgG titers than groups 2 and 3. Group 1 also had significantly higher colostrum IgA levels than the control group for all antigens (except G4), and either significantly or numerically higher IgA levels compared to groups 2 and 3. In piglet serum, group 1 piglets had higher IgG titers for all four antigens at day 0 than the other groups. Importantly, RVA NPE stimulated antibodies in all groups regardless of the treatment doses and prevented G4, G5, P[7] and P[23] RVA fecal shedding prior to weaning in piglets in the absence of viral challenge. The G11 and P[34] RVA genotypes detected from pre-weaning piglets differed at multiple amino acid positions with parent NPE strains. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the group 1 NPE regimen (three doses of NPE) resulted in the highest anti-RVA antibody (IgG and IgA) levels in the colostrum/milk, and the highest IgG levels in piglet serum.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1866antibodyELISAnatural planned exposurerotavirus Asequencingswine |
| spellingShingle | Deepak Kumar Amanda V. Anderson Reever Jeremy S. Pittman Nora L. Springer Kylynn Mallen Gleyder Roman-Sosa Neha Sangewar Mary C. Casey-Moore Michael D. Bowen Waithaka Mwangi Douglas G. Marthaler Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets Vaccines antibody ELISA natural planned exposure rotavirus A sequencing swine |
| title | Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets |
| title_full | Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets |
| title_fullStr | Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets |
| title_short | Role of Pre-Farrow Natural Planned Exposure of Gilts in Shaping the Passive Antibody Response to Rotavirus A in Piglets |
| title_sort | role of pre farrow natural planned exposure of gilts in shaping the passive antibody response to rotavirus a in piglets |
| topic | antibody ELISA natural planned exposure rotavirus A sequencing swine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1866 |
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