Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera
Coccoid cyanobacteria produce a great variety of secondary metabolites, which may have useful properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant or anticancer activities. These cyanobacterial metabolites have high ecological significance, and they could be considered responsible for the wid...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2048 |
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| author | Patrizia Pagliara Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto Matteo Francavilla Amilcare Barca Carmela Caroppo |
| author_facet | Patrizia Pagliara Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto Matteo Francavilla Amilcare Barca Carmela Caroppo |
| author_sort | Patrizia Pagliara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coccoid cyanobacteria produce a great variety of secondary metabolites, which may have useful properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant or anticancer activities. These cyanobacterial metabolites have high ecological significance, and they could be considered responsible for the widespread occurrence of these microorganisms. Considering the great benefit derived from the identification of competent cyanobacteria for the extraction of bioactive compounds, two strains of picocyanobacteria (coccoid cyanobacteria < 3 µm) (<i>Cyanobium</i> sp. ITAC108 and <i>Synechococcus</i> sp. ITAC107) isolated from the Mediterranean sponge <i>Petrosia ficiformis</i> were analyzed. The biological effects of organic and aqueous extracts from these picocyanobacteria toward the nauplii of <i>Artemia</i> <i>salina</i>, sea urchin embryos and human cancer lines (HeLa cells) were evaluated. Methanolic and aqueous extracts from the two strains strongly inhibited larval development; on the contrary, in ethyl acetate and hexane extracts, the percentage of anomalous embryos was low. Moreover, all the extracts of the two strains inhibited HeLa cell proliferation, but methanol extracts exerted the highest activity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis evidenced for the first time the presence of β-<i>N</i>-methylamino-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-alanine and microcystin in these picocyanobacteria. The strong cytotoxic activity observed for aqueous and methanolic extracts of these two cyanobacteria laid the foundation for the production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4a7d31fab274674855d731a7d654a16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4a7d31fab274674855d731a7d654a162023-11-22T19:13:24ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-09-01910204810.3390/microorganisms9102048Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> GeneraPatrizia Pagliara0Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto1Matteo Francavilla2Amilcare Barca3Carmela Caroppo4Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provin-Ciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyLaboratory of Analytical and Isotopic Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalySTAR*Facility Centre, Department of Agriculture, Foods, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provin-Ciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, ItalyNational Research Council, Water Research Institute (CNR-IRSA), 74123 Taranto, ItalyCoccoid cyanobacteria produce a great variety of secondary metabolites, which may have useful properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant or anticancer activities. These cyanobacterial metabolites have high ecological significance, and they could be considered responsible for the widespread occurrence of these microorganisms. Considering the great benefit derived from the identification of competent cyanobacteria for the extraction of bioactive compounds, two strains of picocyanobacteria (coccoid cyanobacteria < 3 µm) (<i>Cyanobium</i> sp. ITAC108 and <i>Synechococcus</i> sp. ITAC107) isolated from the Mediterranean sponge <i>Petrosia ficiformis</i> were analyzed. The biological effects of organic and aqueous extracts from these picocyanobacteria toward the nauplii of <i>Artemia</i> <i>salina</i>, sea urchin embryos and human cancer lines (HeLa cells) were evaluated. Methanolic and aqueous extracts from the two strains strongly inhibited larval development; on the contrary, in ethyl acetate and hexane extracts, the percentage of anomalous embryos was low. Moreover, all the extracts of the two strains inhibited HeLa cell proliferation, but methanol extracts exerted the highest activity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis evidenced for the first time the presence of β-<i>N</i>-methylamino-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-alanine and microcystin in these picocyanobacteria. The strong cytotoxic activity observed for aqueous and methanolic extracts of these two cyanobacteria laid the foundation for the production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2048picocyanobacteria toxicity<i>Cyanobium</i><i>Synechococcus</i><i>Artemia salina</i>sea urchin embryosHeLa cell line |
| spellingShingle | Patrizia Pagliara Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto Matteo Francavilla Amilcare Barca Carmela Caroppo Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera Microorganisms picocyanobacteria toxicity <i>Cyanobium</i> <i>Synechococcus</i> <i>Artemia salina</i> sea urchin embryos HeLa cell line |
| title | Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera |
| title_full | Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera |
| title_fullStr | Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera |
| title_short | Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to <i>Cyanobium</i> and <i>Synechococcus</i> Genera |
| title_sort | bioactive potential of two marine picocyanobacteria belonging to i cyanobium i and i synechococcus i genera |
| topic | picocyanobacteria toxicity <i>Cyanobium</i> <i>Synechococcus</i> <i>Artemia salina</i> sea urchin embryos HeLa cell line |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2048 |
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