High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics
This paper presents an extensive experimental investigation to identify the influence of signal parameters on a piezoelectric harvester’s performance. A macro-fibre composite energy harvester was studied as an advanced, flexible, high-performance energy material. Gaussian white noise, and single-fre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/1/1 |
| _version_ | 1797946587812462592 |
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| author | Majid Khazaee |
| author_facet | Majid Khazaee |
| author_sort | Majid Khazaee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents an extensive experimental investigation to identify the influence of signal parameters on a piezoelectric harvester’s performance. A macro-fibre composite energy harvester was studied as an advanced, flexible, high-performance energy material. Gaussian white noise, and single-frequency and multi-frequency excitation were used to investigate nonlinearity and multiple-frequency interactions. Using single low and high frequencies, we identified the nonlinearity of the harvester’s vibration. Multi-frequency excitation with a series of low-to-high-frequency harmonics mimicked the practical vibration signal. Under such multi-frequency excitation, the harvester’s nonlinear behaviour was studied. Finally, the interaction effects among multiple frequencies were identified. The results show that under pure resonant excitation, high-level vibration led to high-level mechanical strain, which caused nonlinear vibration behaviour. Moreover, it was shown that the different harmonics excited the various structure bending modes, which caused the nonlinearity of multi-frequency excitation. The first four harmonics of the real-time signal were important. The experimental results emphasise the resonant nonlinearity and interactions of multi-frequency excitation effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:13:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4a8ccdb83da45738e97eab6e0f1beeb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:13:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4a8ccdb83da45738e97eab6e0f1beeb2023-01-20T15:19:11ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2022-12-01141110.3390/mi14010001High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher HarmonicsMajid Khazaee0Department of AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Pontopidanstraede 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkThis paper presents an extensive experimental investigation to identify the influence of signal parameters on a piezoelectric harvester’s performance. A macro-fibre composite energy harvester was studied as an advanced, flexible, high-performance energy material. Gaussian white noise, and single-frequency and multi-frequency excitation were used to investigate nonlinearity and multiple-frequency interactions. Using single low and high frequencies, we identified the nonlinearity of the harvester’s vibration. Multi-frequency excitation with a series of low-to-high-frequency harmonics mimicked the practical vibration signal. Under such multi-frequency excitation, the harvester’s nonlinear behaviour was studied. Finally, the interaction effects among multiple frequencies were identified. The results show that under pure resonant excitation, high-level vibration led to high-level mechanical strain, which caused nonlinear vibration behaviour. Moreover, it was shown that the different harmonics excited the various structure bending modes, which caused the nonlinearity of multi-frequency excitation. The first four harmonics of the real-time signal were important. The experimental results emphasise the resonant nonlinearity and interactions of multi-frequency excitation effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/1/1piezoelectricreal-time vibrationrandom signalwhite noisenonlinearity |
| spellingShingle | Majid Khazaee High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics Micromachines piezoelectric real-time vibration random signal white noise nonlinearity |
| title | High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics |
| title_full | High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics |
| title_fullStr | High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics |
| title_short | High-Level Vibration for Single-Frequency and Multi-Frequency Excitation in Macro-Composite Piezoelectric (MFC) Energy Harvesters, Nonlinearity, and Higher Harmonics |
| title_sort | high level vibration for single frequency and multi frequency excitation in macro composite piezoelectric mfc energy harvesters nonlinearity and higher harmonics |
| topic | piezoelectric real-time vibration random signal white noise nonlinearity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/1/1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT majidkhazaee highlevelvibrationforsinglefrequencyandmultifrequencyexcitationinmacrocompositepiezoelectricmfcenergyharvestersnonlinearityandhigherharmonics |