The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates
This research work aimed to investigate the properties of freeze-dried extracts from <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L. and <i>Achillea millefolium</i> L. and to perform a characterization of their impact on the natural rubber-based vulcanizates. First, extracts were prepared in...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15048 |
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| author | Andrii Aleksieiev Marcin Masłowski Magdalena Efenberger-Szmechtyk Krzysztof Strzelec |
| author_facet | Andrii Aleksieiev Marcin Masłowski Magdalena Efenberger-Szmechtyk Krzysztof Strzelec |
| author_sort | Andrii Aleksieiev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research work aimed to investigate the properties of freeze-dried extracts from <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L. and <i>Achillea millefolium</i> L. and to perform a characterization of their impact on the natural rubber-based vulcanizates. First, extracts were prepared in three different solvents at selected volume ratios: water (100), water-methanol (50/50), and water-ethanol (50/50). Next, the freeze-drying of extracts was established and then obtained bio-additives were introduced to the rubber mixtures. Freeze-dried extracts were investigated by UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were also defined. Rubber mixtures were examined in a rheometer and after vulcanization they were subjected to accelerated simulated aging by UV radiation and thermo-oxidative aging. To determine the resistance of vulcanizates to the degradation processes, the study of cross-linking density (equilibrium swelling method), mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break) and color change were conducted. Performed studies proved the antioxidant activity of freeze-dried extracts caused by the high content of polyphenols and their beneficial influence on the properties of elastomer vulcanizates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:45:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4b711921e8148b98ab26c0fe21e5390 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:45:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4b711921e8148b98ab26c0fe21e53902023-11-24T11:12:19ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-11-0123231504810.3390/ijms232315048The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer VulcanizatesAndrii Aleksieiev0Marcin Masłowski1Magdalena Efenberger-Szmechtyk2Krzysztof Strzelec3Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Fermentation Technology & Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandThis research work aimed to investigate the properties of freeze-dried extracts from <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L. and <i>Achillea millefolium</i> L. and to perform a characterization of their impact on the natural rubber-based vulcanizates. First, extracts were prepared in three different solvents at selected volume ratios: water (100), water-methanol (50/50), and water-ethanol (50/50). Next, the freeze-drying of extracts was established and then obtained bio-additives were introduced to the rubber mixtures. Freeze-dried extracts were investigated by UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were also defined. Rubber mixtures were examined in a rheometer and after vulcanization they were subjected to accelerated simulated aging by UV radiation and thermo-oxidative aging. To determine the resistance of vulcanizates to the degradation processes, the study of cross-linking density (equilibrium swelling method), mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break) and color change were conducted. Performed studies proved the antioxidant activity of freeze-dried extracts caused by the high content of polyphenols and their beneficial influence on the properties of elastomer vulcanizates.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15048common yarrowGerman chamomilenatural rubberfreeze-dried extractsantioxidantsbio-additives |
| spellingShingle | Andrii Aleksieiev Marcin Masłowski Magdalena Efenberger-Szmechtyk Krzysztof Strzelec The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates International Journal of Molecular Sciences common yarrow German chamomile natural rubber freeze-dried extracts antioxidants bio-additives |
| title | The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates |
| title_full | The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates |
| title_short | The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow (<i>Achillea millefolium</i> L.) and German Chamomile (<i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates |
| title_sort | influence of freeze dried alcohol water extracts from common yarrow i achillea millefolium i l and german chamomile i matricaria chamomilla i l on the properties of elastomer vulcanizates |
| topic | common yarrow German chamomile natural rubber freeze-dried extracts antioxidants bio-additives |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15048 |
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