Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as a cell source for cultivated meat production due to their adipose differentiation potential, but MSCs lose their stemness and undergo replicative senescence during expansion in vitro. Autophagy is an important mechanism for senescent cells to remove toxic...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/1075 |
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| author | Lina Che Caixia Zhu Lei Huang Hui Xu Xinmiao Ma Xuegang Luo Hongpeng He Tongcun Zhang Nan Wang |
| author_facet | Lina Che Caixia Zhu Lei Huang Hui Xu Xinmiao Ma Xuegang Luo Hongpeng He Tongcun Zhang Nan Wang |
| author_sort | Lina Che |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as a cell source for cultivated meat production due to their adipose differentiation potential, but MSCs lose their stemness and undergo replicative senescence during expansion in vitro. Autophagy is an important mechanism for senescent cells to remove toxic substances. However, the role of autophagy in the replicative senescence of MSCs is controversial. Here, we evaluated the changes in autophagy in porcine MSCs (pMSCs) during long-term culture in vitro and identified a natural phytochemical, ginsenoside Rg2, that could stimulate pMSC proliferation. First, some typical senescence characteristics were observed in aged pMSCs, including decreased EdU-positive cells, increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, declined stemness-associated marker <i>OCT4</i> expression, and enhanced P53 expression. Importantly, autophagic flux was impaired in aged pMSCs, suggesting deficient substrate clearance in aged pMSCs. Rg2 was found to promote the proliferation of pMSCs using MTT assay and EdU staining. In addition, Rg2 inhibited D-galactose-induced senescence and oxidative stress in pMSCs. Rg2 increased autophagic activity via the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, long-term culture with Rg2 promoted the proliferation, inhibited the replicative senescence, and maintained the stemness of pMSCs. These results provide a potential strategy for porcine MSC expansion in vitro. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:24:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a4f7182865474826bdbe6f5d12b7121e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:24:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-a4f7182865474826bdbe6f5d12b7121e2023-11-17T07:41:51ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-03-01125107510.3390/foods12051075Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy InductionLina Che0Caixia Zhu1Lei Huang2Hui Xu3Xinmiao Ma4Xuegang Luo5Hongpeng He6Tongcun Zhang7Nan Wang8College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaCollege of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, ChinaMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as a cell source for cultivated meat production due to their adipose differentiation potential, but MSCs lose their stemness and undergo replicative senescence during expansion in vitro. Autophagy is an important mechanism for senescent cells to remove toxic substances. However, the role of autophagy in the replicative senescence of MSCs is controversial. Here, we evaluated the changes in autophagy in porcine MSCs (pMSCs) during long-term culture in vitro and identified a natural phytochemical, ginsenoside Rg2, that could stimulate pMSC proliferation. First, some typical senescence characteristics were observed in aged pMSCs, including decreased EdU-positive cells, increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, declined stemness-associated marker <i>OCT4</i> expression, and enhanced P53 expression. Importantly, autophagic flux was impaired in aged pMSCs, suggesting deficient substrate clearance in aged pMSCs. Rg2 was found to promote the proliferation of pMSCs using MTT assay and EdU staining. In addition, Rg2 inhibited D-galactose-induced senescence and oxidative stress in pMSCs. Rg2 increased autophagic activity via the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, long-term culture with Rg2 promoted the proliferation, inhibited the replicative senescence, and maintained the stemness of pMSCs. These results provide a potential strategy for porcine MSC expansion in vitro.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/1075mesenchymal stem cellscultivated meatginsenoside Rg2proliferationreplicative senescenceautophagy |
| spellingShingle | Lina Che Caixia Zhu Lei Huang Hui Xu Xinmiao Ma Xuegang Luo Hongpeng He Tongcun Zhang Nan Wang Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction Foods mesenchymal stem cells cultivated meat ginsenoside Rg2 proliferation replicative senescence autophagy |
| title | Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction |
| title_full | Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction |
| title_fullStr | Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction |
| title_short | Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction |
| title_sort | ginsenoside rg2 promotes the proliferation and stemness maintenance of porcine mesenchymal stem cells through autophagy induction |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells cultivated meat ginsenoside Rg2 proliferation replicative senescence autophagy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/5/1075 |
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